History of Healthcare Flashcards
First documented evidence of healers/healthcare providers?
15000 BCE
Who offered the first actual medical documents and was ordained the “God of Medicine”
Imhotep
Lived in 4th century BCE and was called the “father of Medicine”
Hippocrates
Who believed that medicine was a calling and that all people should be treated equally, regardless of class or affluence
Hippocrates
Who formalized the concept of the 4 humours and what are they?
Hippocrates: black bile, yellow bile, phlegm and blood
What is the miasmatic theory of disease?
toxic fumes over cesspits poison the body when inhaled
Lived in late 100’s CE and was the first to document his surgeries and treatments.
Galen
The life-giving force that Galen believed was present around us, breathed into out lungs, transferred into blood by our heart and distributed to tissues alongside the 4 humours, giving us vitality.
Pneuma
How long did Galen drive health care teaching and learning with his work?
1600 years
When did the dark ages of medicine start?
500 CE at the fall of the Roman empire
What were some changes in healthcare that occurred in the dark ages of medicine
- healthcare became tiered by wealth and affluence
- self care became more prevalent
- religion regained role in healing
- medical texts were limited to clergy, royalty and aristocrats
St. Roche was the saint of what?
the plague
St. Dymphna was the saint of what?
mental ilness
St. Hubert was the saint of what?
hunters/rabies
St. Blaise was the saint of what?
throat complaints
Commoner who self taught medical evaluation and treatment and wrote the Canon of Medicine?
Avicenna
What event was, at least in part, responsible for the end of the dark ages of medicine?
the bubonic plague that killed 1/3 of the population of Europe in 1340’s
What were some changes in healthcare that occurred in the Renaissance?
- growth and exploration of healthcare resumed and expanded outside clergy and royalty
- hospitals and infirmaries began
Father of modern toxicology?
Phillipus von Hohenheim
Author of the first anatomy textbook, “Fabric of the Human Body” which challenged much of Galen’s theories?
Andreas Vesalius
Who described blood flow and the heart’s role, effectively ending the humours theory and in what decade?
William Harvey in the 1600’s
Who created the first vaccine (for small pox) and how?
Jenner from cow pox after noticing that farmers exposed to cows with cow pox were not dying of small pox
Who first used ether as an anesthetic and later killed himself because of crimes committed while high on ether?
William Thomas Green Morton
Who found that citrus (Vitamin C) prevented scurvy?
James Lind
