history of construction and construction industry

Question 1

Early humans
manipulated their environment to protect
themselves, usually construct what?

Answer 1

temporary
structure like lean-tos or windbreaks as
shelter.

Question 2

were made from animal bones and
stone.

Answer 2

tools

Question 3

included sticks and
branches, grass, mud, and animal skins.

Answer 3

Building materials

Question 4

Archaeologists discovered a 1.8 million-
year-old stone circle that resembles the

foundations of stick or grass huts built by

Answer 4

hunter-gatherers at Olduvai Gorge in
Tanzania.

Question 5

The earliest evidence of large-scale
buildings is in

Answer 5

Mesopotamia.

Question 6

built
palaces, temples, and ziggurats, often using
advanced bricklaying techniques.

Answer 6

Mesopotamians

Question 7

The industry began to take shape in what century

Answer 7

16th

Question 8

(born 1508 A.D.) is widely
regarded as the first modern architect.

Answer 8

Andrea Palladio

Question 9

who designed The San Giorgio Maggiore in Venice, Italy,

Answer 9

andrea palladio

Question 10

(born 1724 A.D.) is often
referred to as the “father of civil
engineering”.

Answer 10

John Smeaton

Question 11

Most well-known for his water, roads,
bridges, and millworks projects.

he built the Eddystone Lighthouse in Cornwall, United Kingdom

Answer 11

John Smeaton

Question 12

In the early 20th century, ____________took
off completely, especially in Chicago and
New York.

Answer 12

skyscrapers

Question 13

became home to some of
the tallest and most iconic skyscrapersin
the world.

Answer 13

New York City

Question 14

in Kuala Lumpur
were the first record-holders for tallest
building outside of the U.S.

Answer 14

• The Petronas Twin Towers

Question 15

which opened in 1914,
was the most expensive construction
project in history at that time.

Answer 15

• The Panama Canal,

Question 16

connecting France
* and the UK opened in 1994.

Answer 16

channel tunnel

Question 17

completed in 2012
in China, is the world’s largest
hydroelectric plant.

Answer 17

Three Gorges Dam

Question 18

involves study
on methods of construction to
successfully achieve the structural
design with recommended
specifications. It also includes study of
construction equipment’s and
temporary works required to facilitate
the construction process.

Answer 18

Construction technology

Question 19

Typically holds at least a 4-year degree in architecture.
To use the title “architect” the individual must hold chartered
status with the Royal Institute of British Architects and be on the
Architects Registration Board; in Uganda called USA.

Answer 19

architect

Question 20

Typically holds a degree
in a related subject. The Chartered
Engineer qualification is controlled by
the Institution of Civil Engineers. A new
university graduate must hold a masters
degree to become chartered, persons
with bachelor’s degrees may become an
Incorporated Engineer after four years
of engineering practice in Uganda.

Answer 20

civil engineer

Question 21

Often referred to as an “M&E
Engineer” typically holds a degree in mechanical or electrical
engineering.

Answer 21

building services engineer

Question 22

• Typically holds a 2-
  year or greater higher education
  qualification but are often also qualified
  in another field such as quantity
  surveying or civil engineering.

Answer 22

project manager

Question 23

Typically holds a degree in quantity surveying.

Answer 23

quantity surveyor

Question 24

Typically holds a bachelors or masters degree
in structural engineering, new university graduates must hold a
masters degree to gain chartered status from the Institution of
Structural Engineers

Answer 24

structural engineer

Question 25

In general, there are three types of
construction:

Answer 25

1. Building construction
2. Heavy/civil construction/infrastructure
3. Industrial construction

Question 26

the process of
adding structure to real property.

Answer 26

building construction

Question 27

 The act of constructing, erecting,
creating, manufacturing or
establishing.
 A structure that has a roof and walls
and stands permanently in one place.

Answer 27

building

Question 28

The practice of designing, constructing, and operating buildings is
most usually a collective effort of different groups of
professionals and trades.

Answer 28

building creation

Question 29

These are capital intensive and heavy
equipment-oriented works which involves
movement of large quantity of bulk
materials like earth, steel and concrete.

These works include dams, canal,
highways, airports, railways, bridges,
gas/oil pipelines, transmission lines, water
supply and sewage disposal networks,
dock and harbours, nuclear and thermal
power plants, and other specialist
construction activities which build-up the
infrastructure for the growth

Answer 29

HEAVY/ CIVIL ENGINEERING/
INFRASTRUCTURE

Question 30

These works include construction of
manufacturing, processing and industrial
plants like steel mills, petroleum refineries
and consumer goods factories.

though a relatively
small part of the entire construction
industry, is a very important component.

Processes in these industries require
highly specialized expertise in planning,
design, and construction.

Answer 30

INDUSTRIAL CONSTRUCTION

Question 31

building components

Answer 31

super structure, substructure

Question 32

The art of planning and designing of a
building so as to suite its purposes giving due consideration to
the site, orientation, ventilation, appearance etc. of the building is
known as This work is done by a special
person known as Architect.

Answer 32

Architectural work:

Question 33

The art of designing the different parts or elements
of a building so as to suite their purposes, safely and
economically is known as. This work is done by a
special person known as Design Manager.

Answer 33

Design work:

Question 34

The art of doing the
construction of the building
systematically according to its planning
and design is known as

The work is done by a special person like
Civil Engineer, Builder, Contractor, etc.

Answer 34

Execution work:

Question 35

TEMPORARY STRUCTURES IN CONSTRUCTION

Answer 35

1. Scaffolding
2. Shoring