history n.i Flashcards
4 major historical perspectives of nursing and computers
- six time periods
- four major nursing areas
- standard initiatives
- significant landmark events
Six time periods
I. Prior to 1960’s
II. 1960’s
III. 1970’s
IV. 1980’s
V. 1990’s
VI. Post 2000
four major nursing areas significance of n.i
clinical practice
administration
education
research
greek language
tekhnolohiga- systematic treatment
Healthcare Information and Management systems Society was founded
1961
Development of one of the first hospital Information system in California
1965
First Conference on Management Information System
1973
First National Conference on Computer Technology in Chicago
1981
First Nursing Computer Journal is published.
1984
graduate program in Nursing Informatics is introduced in Maryland university
1989
establishment of electronic library
1993
first International Nursing Informatics
Teleconference held in Australia
1995
JCAHO identified clinical information system as a way to improve safety and recommends that hospitals adopt technology.
2002
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act was enacted
2003
Establishment of the National Health Information Coordinator.
2004
advantages of N.I
• shared data;
• centralized control;
• disadvantages of redundancy control; improved data integrity;
improved data security, and database systems; and,
• flexible conceptual design.
Disadvantages of N.I
a complex conceptual design process;
• the need for multiple external databases;
• the need to hire database-related employees;
• high DBMS acquisition costs;
• a more complex programmer environment;
• potentially catastrophic program failures;
• a longer running time for individual applications; and,
• highly dependent DBMS operations.
Prior to 1960’s (1950’s)
computer industry grew
computers are used by healthcare facilities for basic business functions
•punch card
•card readers
•teletypewriters
1960’s
•use of computers is being questioned
•nurses station is viewed as the ‘hub’ of information exchange
•introduction of Cathode Ray Tube (CRT)
•hospital information system were developed for billing and accounting systems
•vendors of computer system and applications in hospital started
1970’s
•nurses began to see the value of computers in the profession
•computers are perceived as cost saving technologies
•computed based MIS in public health developed
1980’s
•nursing informatics emerged
•Microcomputer/personal computer emerged
• HIS emerged with nursing subsystems ( like kardex)
•hands on training
1990’s
•computer technology became an integral part of health care settings,nursing practice and profession
• NI was approved in 1992 by ANA as new nursing specialty
•LAN were developed in hospitals
•Internet is widely used
Post 2000
•development of wireless point of care system with focus on open source solution
•Clinical information system became individualized in the electronic patient record (epr)
•mobile technology advances ( wireless tablet/computers/smartphones)
