History - Germany Flashcards
Events of the Weimar Republic
Early 1918- people in Germany were suffering many hardships such as the British navy had blockaded the German coastline preventing th much needed supplies of raw material and food
9th Nov 1918- the Kaiser abdicates because he was blamed for Germany’s defeat. This meant Germany needed a new system of government
10th Nov 1918- a republic was set up under the new leader, fridrich ebert
11th Nov 1918- an armistice was signed. This meant that Germany had been defeated
January 1919- a new system of government is set up- the Weimar Republic
Treaty of Versailles terms
LAND-Germany lost 13% of its land which had important raw materials such as coal
- Germany was split in to
- German troops were not allowed in Rhineland to reassure the French against German attacks
ARMY- German army reduced to 100,000 soldiers
- the navy was cut to 15,000 sailors and 6 battleships
- Germany was not allowed submarines,tanks or an Air Force
Blame-Germany was blamed for the war so had to make up compensations for the damage that had been caused
Money-had to pay £6600 million to allies for damage caused by the war
Opposition to the Weimar Republic 1919-1922
Spartacist uprising Jan 1919
The kapp putsch march 1920
Spartacist uprising
Who: the German communists party, led by rosa luxemburg and Karl liebneckt
Cause: they wanted the other throw the republic and set up a communist government. They did not believe that Ebert would serve Interests of the German working people
Event: staged an uprising. They then seized the headquarters of the government and tried to organise a general strike
Result:the spartacists got crushed and the two leaders got shot on the way to prison
The kapp putsch
Who: dr Wolfgang kapp- an extreme nationalist
Cause: the government disabled the fireikorps and reduced size of army
Event: set up a government in Berlin but before leaving they came upon the trades Union of Berlin to organise a general strike in order to paralyse the city
Failed because the government asked to strike which they did and couldn’t control the country
Why was the spartacist uprising important?
Highlighted weaknesses within the government
Left the new republic dependent on support of the army
Why was the kapp putsch important
Showed republic had support from Berlin public
Revealed a lack of support from the army who sympathised with the putsch
What was the stab in the back theory
The stab in the back theory was that the German army and people had been betrayed by the new government when they signed the armistice. They couldn’t believe that Germany had lost the war. The politicians were called November criminals
Munich putsch 1923
The sa burst into a Munich beer hall where gustav von kahr was having a meeting. Hitler announced they were taking over the government and tried to gain support. The next day hitler, lunderford and about 3000 supporters marched through Munich looking for support. Nazi supporters were killed and leaders were arrested.
Why did the Munich putsch fail? 1923
- too few people in Munich supported the nazis
- the Bavarian government didn’t join the nazis
- neither the army nor the police supported the nazis
- the nazis were not organised
- the police were better prepared
How was the Munich putsch successful?
- caused them to rethink there Tactics
- nazis gained publicity from the trial and mein kampf became a bestseller
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