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History Final > History Final Multiple Choice > Flashcards

History Final Multiple Choice Flashcards

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1
Q

Ottoman officer who founded the Republic of Turkey and became its first president

A

Kemal Mustafa Ataturk

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2
Q

Persian ruler who agreed to the D’Arcy oil concession with Britain in 1901

A

Muzzafir ad-Din Shah

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3
Q

Officer who seized control of Persia in 1921 and claimed the title of Shah in 1925

A

Reza Khan Pahlavi Shah

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4
Q

British High Commissioner of Palestine

A

Sir Herbert Samuel

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5
Q

Name for the Jewish settler community in the British Mandate of Palestine

A

Yishuv

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6
Q

Jewish defense force created to protect settlers in Palestine

A

Haganah

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7
Q

Leader of the Revisionist Zionist movement

A

Vladimir Jabotinsky

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8
Q

Founder of the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt. He was assassinated in 1948

A

Hassan al-Banna

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9
Q

Egyptian officer who led the 1952 coup that toppled the Wafd government

A

Gamal Nasser

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10
Q

Egyptian general who was installed as the first president of the Egyptian republic after the 1952 coup

A

Muhammad Naguib

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11
Q

Countries that tried to capture the Suez Canal after Egypt nationalized it in 1956

A

Britain, France, and Israel

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12
Q

Country that merged with Egypt in 1958 for the United Arab Republic

A

Syria

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13
Q

US-led treaty organization created in 1954-55 in the Middle East intended to contain the Soviet Union. Egypt refused to join.

A

Baghdad Pact

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14
Q

Arab nationalist party founded by Michel Aflaq and Salah al-Din al-Britar in Syria in 1946

A

Ba’ath Partyd

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15
Q

The presidency of Lebanon is filled by members of this religious denomination according to the National Pact

A

Maronite Christian

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16
Q

Movement that historically supported the Saudi family in Arabia

A

Wahhabi

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17
Q

Royal family that rules Arabia

A

Saudi

18
Q

Iraqi general who overthrew Faysal II in a coup in Iraq in 1958

A

Abd al-Karim Qasim

19
Q

Population in northern Iraq that makes up 20-25% of the country. Qasim, the Arifs. and Saddam Hussein all fought bloody wars to suppress them.

A

Kurds

20
Q

President from the Turkish Democratic Party who replaced the Republican People’s Party president in the 1950 election

A

Celal Bayar

21
Q

Turkish prime minister who was hanged after the 1960 coup

A

Adnan Menderes

22
Q

Iranian crown prince placed on the throne after the British removed his father from power in 1941

A

Muhammad Reza Pahlavi

23
Q

Iranian prime minister from the Tudeh Party who nationalized Iranian oil but was deposed in a coup engineered by the CIA

A

Muhammad Mossadeq

24
Q

Islamic cleric who criticized the Iranian monarchy and engineered the Islamic revolution of 1979 in Iran

A

Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini

25
Q

Arab-Israeli war that left Israel in control of the Sinai Peninsula and West Bank

A

1967 Six-Day War

26
Q

Egyptian official who succeed Gamal Nasser as president in 1970

A

Anwar Sadat

27
Q

Israeli political power that supplanted the Labour Party in the 1970’s

A

Likud

28
Q

Palestinian who led the PLO starting in 1969

A

Yasser Arafat

29
Q

Druze leader who created a political coalition called the Lebanese National Movement

A

Kemal Jumblatt

30
Q

Israeli general who masterminded Israel’s victory in the 1967 war, but was also complicit in allowing Phalange fighters to massacre Palestinian refugees at Sabra and Shatila

A

Ariel Sharon

31
Q

Country invaded by Saddam Hussein in 1990 leading to the First Gulf War

A

Kuwait

32
Q

Ethnic group protected by the UN no-fly zone in northern Iraq after the First Gulf War

A

Kurds

33
Q

Israeli prime minister whose assassination in 1995 harmed the implementation of the Oslo Peace Accords between Israel and the Palestinians

A

Yitzhak Rabin

34
Q

Al-Qaeda leader who was the mastermind of the 9/11 attacks

A

Osama bin Laden

35
Q

Nation from which the majority of the 9/11 suicide bombers came

A

Saudi Arabia

36
Q

US prison in Iraq that was the site of torture and prisoner abuse

A

Abu Ghraib

37
Q

North African country that sparked the Arab Spring with protests

A

Tunisia

38
Q

Egyptian president who stepped down due to the demonstration in the Tahrir Square

A

Hosni Mubarak

39
Q

Syrian president who had held onto power through a brutal civil war

A

Bashar al-Assad

40
Q

Nation that backs the Shi’ite Houthis in the civil war in Yemen

A

Iran

History Final (6 decks)

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