History - Elizabeth and The English Civil War Flashcards
Elizabeth I’s reign
1558 - 1603
Problems Elizabeth faced on becoming Queen
Religion
Marriage and Heir
Legitimacy
Gender
Elizabeth’s Middle Way - in favour of Protestants
- Protestants didn’t want statues
- Protestants wanted Queen as head of church
- Protestants wanted Bible in English
Elizabeth’s Middle Way - in favour of Catholics
- Catholics thought Priests should wear bright robes
- Catholics thought there could be music in churches
- Catholics thought churches should be decorated
3 of Elizabeth’s Suitors
- Phillip II of Spain, alliance with Spain
- Eric of Sweden - popular with England + a Protestant
- Robert Dudley - Murdered his first wife..? Unpopular…
When did Mary arrive in England?
1568
Why did Mary leave Scotland in the first place?
She was thought to have been involved in her second husband’s - Lord Darnley - murdered
When was the Northern Earl’s Rebellion
1569
What was the Northern Earls’ Rebellion?
Earls of Northumberland and Westmorland raised an army to try and replace Elizabeth with Mary - Elizabeth had to send an army of 600 to defeat it
When was the Ridolfi Plot?
1571
What was the Ridolfi Plot?
Robert de Ridolfi planned to free Mary from Elizabeth’s house arrest, have her marry the Duke of Norfolk, replace Elizabeth with the support of Spain
When was the Throckmorton Plot?
1583
What was the Throckmorton Plot?
Francis Throckmorton organised a French army to invade, with the support of the Pope + King Phillip II of Spain
When was the Babington Plot?
1586
What was the Babington Plot?
Sir Antony Babington planned to rescue Mary and murder Elizabeth - secret letters discovered between them, Mary tried and found guilty
When was Mary executed?
8th February, 1587
When was the Spanish Armada?
1588
Who succeeded Elizabeth?
James 6th Scotland/1st England
Who was King during the English Civil War?
Charles I
Causes of the Civil War?
- Ship Tax
- Monopolies
- Divine Right of Kings
- Charles Married Henrietta Maria, a Catholic
- Tried to make the Church of England too Catholic
- Charles tried to rule without Parliament
Which was the first Battle of the Civil War?
The Battle of Edgehill - 1642 - No clear victory
Second battle of the English Civil War?
The Storming of Bristol - 1643 - Royalists won
Third battle of the Civil War?
The Battle of Marston Moor - 1644 - Parliamentarians win - “Battle of Marston Moor, 1644, win win win for OlivOR
Last battle of the Civil War?
The Battle of Naseby - 1645 - Parliamentarians had founded the New Model Army, they defeated the Royalists
When was Charles I defeated by Cromwell?
1648
When was Charles tried and executed?
1649
What was the title Cromwell gave himself?
Lord Protector
