History: Chapter 25 Test

Question 1

During the early 1980s, conservatives objected to what they believed were excesses in

Answer 1

government regulation.

Question 2

The Strategic Defense Initiative was an extremely costly

Answer 2

missile defense system.

Question 3

In the 1980s, reports on education revealed that U.S. schools were

Answer 3

performing worse than those of most other industrialized nations.

Question 4

During Reagan’s presidency, federal spending increased most for

Answer 4

defense and the military.

Question 5

Fundamentalist Christian leader and televangelist Jerry Falwell formed the organization called

Answer 5

the Moral Majority

Question 6

President Reagan made a point of appointing administrators to the Environmental Protection Agency who were sympathetic to

Answer 6

business interests.

Question 7

People who believe that reverse discrimination is a problem are worried about discrimination against

Answer 7

white people.

Question 8

Presidents Reagan and Bush were most successful in meeting their goal of

Answer 8

making the Supreme Court more conservative.

Question 9

When George H. W. Bush ran for president in 1988, his opponent was

Answer 9

Michael Dukakis.

Question 10

People who support pay equity argue that women should be paid

Answer 10

the same as men for doing the same jobs.

Question 11

This former Soviet republic is the largest shown on the map.

Answer 11

Russia

Question 12

This country is bordered on the north by the Baltic Sea, Denmark, and the North Sea.

Answer 12

Germany

Question 13

This former Soviet republic is bordered by Romania and the Ukraine.

Answer 13

Moldova

Question 14

This nation is the northernmost of the former Soviet republics.

Answer 14

Estonia

Question 15

This country borders the Black Sea but does not share a border with a former Soviet republic.

Answer 15

Bulgaria

Question 16

What has happened to the Reagan administration officials in the cartoon on the left?

Answer 16

Their noses have grown.

Question 17

What does this suggest about the documents they are writing?

Answer 17

The documents contain lies.

Question 18

The cartoon on the right shows President Reagan and Iran’s leader, Ayatollah Khomeini. How does Reagan seem to feel about having Khomeini on his back?

Answer 18

worried

Question 19

What is the main idea of the cartoon on the left?

Answer 19

The Reagan administration was dishonest about the Iran-Contra affair.

Question 20

What is the main idea of the cartoon on the right?

Answer 20

The Iran-Contra affair was a burden on Reagan and his presidency.

Question 21

What did the Reagan administration do to create a more conservative federal government? How did some Americans fight against this conservatism?
Think About:
• Reaganomics and government deregulation
• presidential Supreme Court appointees
• the goals of minority groups

Answer 21

Reagan created a more conservative government by appointing conservatives to federal judgeships, approving tax cuts that benefited traditionally conservative business interests, cutting government spending on social programs, opposing affirmative action and other civil rights programs, and deregulating business. Some Americans fought back by insisting that such issues as pay equity, abortion rights, affirmative action, day care, bilingualism, and Indian self-determination remain on the public agenda. Women and minorities also made greater efforts to elect political representatives from their respective groups. Native Americans fought and won the right to use gambling casinos as a means to gain economic self-determination.

Question 22

Identify two main social concerns of the 1980s and explain why Americans focused their attention on each. Think About:
• health issues
• education
• equality for minorities

Answer 22

Such health issues as AIDS and drug abuse attracted the attention of the American public because these problems were spreading rapidly through American society. The abortion issue began in 1973 with Roe v. Wade and continued to divide the American public into a “pro-life” sect and a “pro-choice” sect. Education began to concern Americans when a 1983 federal report showed that American students lagged behind those in most other industrialized nations. The equal rights struggle was fueled by women and minorities, including African Americans, Latinos, Native Americans, Asian Americans, and homosexuals. As these minority groups filled a larger percentage of the American population, they fought for equal rights and to end discrimination.

Question 23

This nation’s leader was overthrown by U.S. troops and tried for drug trafficking.

Answer 23

Panama

Question 24

This nation’s leader introduced glasnost and perestroika.

Answer 24

Soviet Union

Question 25

Although this nation’s government received foreign aid from the Carter administration, the Reagan administration aided those rebelling against it.

Answer 25

Nicaragua

Question 26

In the early 1990s, this nation dissolved after 74 years as a major world power.

Answer 26

Soviet Union

Question 27

This nation’s ties to Cuba led to a U.S. invasion during the Reagan administration.

Answer 27

Grenada

Question 28

This nation’s leaders ordered a brutal crackdown on demonstrators gathered in Tiananmen Square.

Answer 28

China

Question 29

This nation approved the START II treaty with Russia

Answer 29

United States

Question 30

This nation invaded a neighboring country and claimed major oil fields, provoking the United States to declare war.

Answer 30

Iraq

Question 31

This nation was torn apart by a brutal civil war between Muslims, Orthodox Serbs, and Roman Catholic Croats.

Answer 31

Yugoslavia

Question 32

The Reagan administration secretly sold military weapons to this nation in the hope of obtaining the release of U.S. hostages.

Answer 32

Iran