history anglo saxon

Question 1

Who was Harold Godwinson?

Answer 1

Succeeded his father as Earl of Wessex in 1053

Question 2

Who was Tostig Godwinson?

Answer 2

Became Earl of Northumbria in 1055

Question 3

Who was Leofwine Godwinson?

Answer 3

Became Earl of Kent in 1057

Question 4

Who was Gyrth Godwinson?

Answer 4

Became Earl of East Anglia in 1057

Question 5

Who was Wulfnoth Godwinson?

Answer 5

Given to Edward as a hostage in 1051

Question 6

What was the reason for the uprising against Tostig?

Answer 6

He was a southerner
He abused his power
He taxed Northumbria heavily
He didn’t defend Northumbria from an attack
He murdered 2 Northumbrian nobility rivals
He was friends with Malcolm of Scotland

Question 7

What was the response to the uprising?

Answer 7

Edward tried to order an army to stop the uprising but the earls didn’t follow his order and he had to accept the rebels demands

Question 8

What was HGs claim and was it strong?

Answer 8

He was appointed on Edward’s death bed, was a family connection, proven military success and had influence so his claim was very strong

Question 9

What was William Duke of Normandy’s claim and was it strong?

Answer 9

Had a supposed agreement with Edward was relatively strong as he was backed by the Pope

Question 10

What was Harald Hardrads claim and was it strong?

Answer 10

Had essentially inherited claim from previous kings so claim was weak

Question 11

What was Edgar Aethlings claim and was it strong?

Answer 11

Was royal blood (edward’s nephew) but was weak as the Witan wanted a strong king

Question 12

Name 7 powers of the King

Answer 12

Law making
Controlling money
Taxation
Religion
Fyrd army and fleat
Land ownership
Controlling the Witan

Question 13

What were the 3 powers given to the earls on the kings behalf?

Answer 13

Taxation- kept 1/3
Law making and deciding punishment
Military power

Question 14

What was the geld tax?

Answer 14

Tax on land- collected by the shire reeves

Question 15

What is a hyde?

Answer 15

An area of land covering 120 acres

Question 16

What is a hue and cry?

Answer 16

Anyone in the community could call on all the others to help track down a criminal- even the sheriff could do the same

Question 17

3 features of the shire reeves role that had an economic function

Answer 17

Collecting revenue from kings estates in shire
Collecting geld tax
Collecting shines from shire court

Question 18

4 reasons that gave England a strong economy

Answer 18

Good climate for farming
England had strong trade links across northern sea
Efficient tax system
Central control of money and trading

Question 19

Explain 6 reasons why thegns we’re important

Answer 19

1) Warrior class- money to have weapons and fighting skills
2) House contained church
3) Made up military core of the thyrd
4) Employed priests + built churches
5) Role in legal system- made up jury
6) Some could take on official duties

Question 20

What is meant by the harrying of the north?

Answer 20

As a response to the strong resistance against Norman rule, William ordered villages to be burnt to the ground, farm animals to be slaughtered and crops to be destroyed (thousands died)

Question 21

5 reasons for the revolt of the earls?

Answer 21

Loss of privileges/power
Loss of land
Williams absence
Powerful alliances
Anglo Saxons rebelliousness

Question 22

What were Llanfrancs 3 reforms?

Answer 22

Archbishop of Canterbury in charge of all Churches in England
Held Church councils more frequently
Archdeacons brought in

Question 23

What were the criticisms of Stigand?

Answer 23

Was a pluralist
Gave our jobs in the church in return for money (simony)
No real control over other archbishops and bishops

Question 24

When was the revolt of the Earls?

Answer 24

1075

Question 25

What was the purpose of the Domesday book?

Answer 25

Meant the King could see where landholders should be paying more money

Question 26

Who commissioned the Bayeux tapestry and why?

Answer 26

Odo as a piece of Norman propaganda to boost the story that William was England’s rightful King

Question 27

Why did William put his half brother Odo in prison?

Answer 27

Mismanagement of his earldom
Took knights with him to Rome without permission

Question 28

What was 5 key events in the rising against Tostig?

Answer 28

1) Oct 1065- Northumbrian thanes revolt and march on York
2) Invite Morcar to be Earl instead
3) Edward orders Earls to stand down but they don’t obey
4) Harold agrees to the rebels demands
5) 1st Nov- Tostig exiled

Question 29

Why did William win the battle of hastings?

Answer 29

He had good tactics/ leadership
Strong cavalry
Feighned retreat
He delayed the invasion
He had well trained soldiers

Question 30

Why did Hardrada loose at the battle of Stamford Bridge in 1066?

Answer 30

Viking’s had left their armour on their ships
He was suprised
He had fought 5 days before so was tired

Question 31

How did William reward his followers?

Answer 31

Keeping earldoms
Gave land
Built castles
Sent gifts

Question 32

Who was involved in the revolt of the earls?

Answer 32

Ralph De Gael
Roger De Breteuil
Waltheof
King Sweyn