HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF NURSING SCIENCE Flashcards
sets forth the meaning of nursing phenomena through analysis, reasoning, and logical presentation
NURSING PHILOSOPHY
rationalism and empiricism
COMPETING PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVES
emphasizes the importance of “priori” reasoning as the appropriate method for advancing knowledge.
RATIONALISM
based on the central idea that scientific knowledge can be derived only from sensory experience.
EMPIRICISM
uses deductive reasoning from cause to an effect
PRIORI REASONING
received credit for popularizing inductive reasoning
FRANCIS BACON
making generalizations, and creating hypotheses (research -> theory method)
INDUCTIVE REASONING
from cause to an effect (thory -> research theory)
DEDUCTIVE REASONING
there were little interests in the hx of science.
EARLY 20TH CENTURY VIEWS
emerged as the dominant view of modern science
POSITIVISM
modern logical positivists believed that empirical research and logical analysis were 2 approaches that would produce scientific knowledge.
EARLY 20TH CENTURY VIEWS
propositions that affirm/deny something must be tested.
EARLY 20TH CENTURY VIEWS
science was a process of continuously building research rather than a product of findings
LATE 20TH CENTURY VIEWS
emphasis shifted to understanding scientific discovery and process as a theory change overtime.
LATE 20TH CENTURY VIEWS
Empiricists view phenomena objectively, collect and analyze data (inductive method) to propose a theory.
LATE 20TH CENTURY VIEWS
science is viewed as ongoing process.
NEW EPISTIMOLOGY
concluded the myth that science can establish final truth.
LATE 20TH CENTURY VIEWS
nur philo, nur con mod, nur theory, middle-range theory
STRUCTURE OF NURSING KNOWLEDGE
most abstract type
NURSING PHILOSOPHY
provides a distinct frame of reference for its adherents.
NURSING CONCEPTUAL MODEL
comprises works derived from nur philos, con mods, abstract nur theories, or works in other disciplines
NURSING THEORY
has the most specific focus and is concrete in its level of abstraction.
MIDDLE-RANGE THEORY
comprehensive, and each addresses the metaparadigm concepts of person, envi, health and nur
NURSING CONCEPTUAL MODEL
a work classified as a nur theory is developed from some con frameworks and is generally not as specific as a middle-range theory
NURSING THEORY
precise and answer spec nur prac questions
MIDDLE-RANGE THEORY
address the specs of nur situations within the perspective of the model or theory from which they are derived.
MIDDLE-RANGE THEORY
