History and Models of an Atom Flashcards
Who was Dalton?
The father of atomic science. He based his atomic theory on the following laws: law of conservation of mass, law of definite proportions, law of multiple proportions.
What did Dalton contribute to the atomic models?
Dalton proposed that every single atom of an element, such as gold, is the same as every other atom of that element. He also noted that the atoms of one element different from the atoms of all other elements.
Who was Bohr?
He proposed the planetary model where electrons orbit the nucleus.
What did Bohr contribute to the atomic models?
He developed the Bohr model of the atom, in which he proposed that energy levels of electrons are discrete and that the electrons revolve in stable orbits around the atomic nucleus (but can jump from one energy level (or orbit) to another).
Who was Thomson?
He discovered the electron.
What did Thomson contribute to the atomic models?
His experiments showed that all atoms contain tiny negatively charged subatomic particles or electrons. He proposed the plum pudding model of the atom, which had negatively-charged electrons embedded with a positively-charged “soup.”
Who as Rutherford?
He tested Thomson’s theory. He discovered the nucleus and the proton and proposed that there is empty space in an atom.
What did Rutherford contribute to the atomic models?
He discovered that atoms contain a positively charged nucleus much small than the actual atom.
What is the current model of an atom?
The electron cloud or the quantum model.
What is the electron cloud?
A model that shows electrons travelling in specific energy levels around a nucleus. Electrons closest to the nucleus have low energy and electrons farther away from the nucleus have high energy.
What is the quantum model?
Another name for the electron cloud.
What is a Bohr diagram?
A diagram that shows the number of electrons in each shell surrounding the nucleus of an atom.
Do you know how to apply a Bohr diagram?
Yes or no?
What is an electron dot diagram (Lewis Dot Structure)?
A model of an atom in which each dot represents a valence electron.
Do you know how to apply an electron dot diagram (Lewis Dot Structure)?
Yes or no?
