history Flashcards
Where is Rome, and why is it strategically important?
Located in the Medditeranian sea - Italian peninsula. It was built on the seven hills on tiber river.
What people did the Romans have to fight within Italy?
Latins, Greeks, and Etruscans.
How was the Republic comprised? Know the two major competing social groups and the government structure.
Rome starts having etruscan kings then overthrow the etruscan king and found a republic.
Patricians and Plebeians. Patricians were wealthy landowners that hold most of the power of the republic. Plebeians are poor artisans, merchants, farmers, and can vote for tribunes-people who serve in the assembly.
Why were the 12 Tables important?
It was the beginning of a new approach to laws where all citizens might be treated equally before them.
Summarize one major event from each Punic War. Why was Hannibal great? How was he defeated?
First war- Rome defeats Carthridge and wins sicily in first 23 year war
Second war- Carthage goes through Spain and France, and does not take Rome. They also fought in Cannae. (Major Battle)
Third war- Rome destroys Carthadge and enslaves people in last war
Hannibal crossed the Elps in the snow on an elephant
In the second punic war Masinissa, defeated the Carthaginian army led by Hannibal Barca…. Hannibal had 36,000 infantry to Scipio’s 29,000.
How did Rome address its class problem? What is meant by “bread and circuses?”
The plebeians had the right to propose laws via tribunes in the Assembly
The Patricians tried to control the plebeians by giving them free food and entertainment which became known as bread and circuses
How did Julius Caesar rise and fall?
Julius Caesar played a central role in the fall of the republic and the rise of the empire by taking military control of the republic, setting up the triumvirate, and by defining the system of power politics and military might that would come to define the imperial system. Caesar also helped the poor by creating jobs, especially through the construction of new public buildings. After Caesar’s death, civil war broke out again and destroyed what was left of the Roman Republic. Caesar’s death broke out the beginning of the new empire.
How big was Rome at its peak
Despite encompassing an incredible five million-plus square kilometers by 117 AD, the vast expanse of the Roman Empire wouldn’t be enjoyed for much longer.
List 2 bad emperors and how they were crazy. List 2 good emperors and how good.
Good emperor- Marcus Aurelius. He wasA remarkable philosopher and writer.
Agustus. He builds a beautiful public buildings and sets up a civil service to administer the Empire.
Bad Emperor- Byzantium who gets renamed to Istanbu, he wanted a separate emperor to rule over a smaller part of the empire.
Diocletian. He divided the empire into two between the western Roman empire with Rome as the capital, and the eastern Roman empire with Byzantium as the capital
What were games like in the Coliseum?
Gladiator battles, chariot races, executions and even mock naval battles.
Explain using 4 details what the Pax Romana was.
Roman Peace, lasts for 200 years which is mostly peaceful but not for Jews
Romans fight the Jews called The Jewish War and in this war the second temple was burned down which happens in 70CE.
In 135 the Bar Kochba Rebellion which means son of a star, Jews try to fight Rome and lose.
Rome’s citizens were relatively secure, and the government generally maintained law, order, and stability.
List and describe four reasons that the Roman empire decline and fall.
Some of the main internal causes of the Roman Empire’s decline include rampant inflation, a lack of food, military turmoil, and political strife and weakness. Also, the rulers that followed in the next century had little or no idea of how to deal with the giant empire and its growing problems. As a result, Rome began to decline. Again, years of war had destroyed much farmland. Eventually, serious food shortages and disease spread, and the population declined. Its final collapse was the result of worsening internal problems, the separation of the Western Empire from the wealthier Eastern part, and outside invasions.
What did Diocletian and Constantine do to try to protect the empire from falling?
Diocletian divided the empire in two between the western Roman empire with Rome as the capital, and the eastern Roman empire with Byzantium as the capital
Know the names of 4 barbarian tribes, and know why one was most important.
Huns, Franks, Vandals, Saxons, and Visigoths
The Barbarians were destroying Roman towns and cities in the outer edges of the empire.
Compare Rome to Greece on 4 criteria of your own.
Greece Rome
Direct Democracy
Republican
Wanted olympics
Rome didn’t want olympics
Greek
Latin
The Greeks on the other hand did not do painting or mosaics.
The Romans used lots of marble in their statues, specifically white marble.
