bio

Question 1

The scientific term for cells that contain a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles

Answer 1

Eukaryotic cells

Question 2

Put these in order from least complex to most complex: tissue, organ, cell, organism, organ system

Answer 2

cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

Question 3

Region where DNA is found in bacterial cells

Answer 3

Nucleoid Region

Question 4

Plant cells, bacteria, and fungi all have this external Plant cells, bacteria, and fungi all have this external barrier that provides structure and protection for their cells

Answer 4

Cell Wall

Question 5

Organelle responsible for making proteins

Answer 5

Ribosomes

Question 6

Discovered that all plants are made of cells

Answer 6

Schleiden

Question 7

Two advantages that multicellular organisms have over unicellular organisms

Answer 7

Longer lifespan
Ability to specialize/ differentiation
Increased Complexity

Question 8

Three structures that plant cells have and animal cells don’t

Answer 8

Cell Wall, Chloroplast, Central Vacuole

Question 9

The three components of the cell theory are:

Answer 9

All living things made of cells
Cells are basic unit of life
All cells come from the division of pre-existing cells

Question 10

By what process do autotrophs “Obtain Energy”?

Answer 10

Photosynthesis

Question 11

This scientist helped to discover and eventually named the smallest unit of life

Answer 11

Robbert Hooke

Question 12

List the 8 Characteristics of Life

Answer 12

Made of Cells
Obtain and Use Energy
Contain Genetic Material
Grow and Develop
Evolve as a Population
Respond to Stimuli
Reproduce
Maintain Homeostasis

Question 13

Give an example of homeostasis in our bodies.

Answer 13

Regulation of body temperature through sweating/shivering

Question 14

Provide at least 3 pieces of evidence that support the claim that viruses are not actually alive

Answer 14

Contain RNA, not DNA
Not made of cells
Cannot reproduce on their own
Use a host’s energy

Question 15

The four major macromolecule classes are

Answer 15

Carbohydrates, Lipids, Protein, Nucleic Acid

Question 16

Name of the chemical reaction responsible for joining monomers together to form a polymer (water is formed as a side product of this reaction)

Answer 16

Dehydration Synthesis

Question 17

Macromolecule that contains a peptide bond

Answer 17

Protein

Question 18

The three parts of a nucleotide are:

Answer 18

Phosphate Group, 5-carbon Sugar, Nitrogen Base

Question 19

What is the function of an enzyme and how does it achieve that function?

Answer 19

speeds up chemical reactions

lowers the activation energy of the reaction

Question 20

Name an example of a polysaccharide and describe its function

Answer 20

Starch - plant energy storage

Cellulose - plant structure (cell wall)

Question 21

What do the red lower line and
blue higher line curves
represent?

Answer 21

Blue = reaction without an enzyme
Red = reaction with an enzyme

Question 22

Saturated vs. unsaturated fats: which is worse for you and why?

Answer 22

Saturated fats are straight chains that can create deposits that clog arteries

Question 23

Explain the relationship between the words “Lactose” and “Lactase”

Answer 23

Lactase is the enzyme that breaks down lactose (carbohydrate)

Question 24

This is the largest source of energy for all of life on Earth

Answer 24

The sun

Question 25

Describe what would happen if a house plant (pictured below) was grown with water, minerals and a green light bulb.

Answer 25

It will not be able to grow, overtime will die because chlorophyll reflects green light. Without the proper light, photosynthesis cannot occur.

Question 26

This is the specific location of The Kreb’s Cycle.

Answer 26

Matrix of Mitochondria

Question 27

In the human body, muscle cells have an increased need for energy during exercise. To help supply this energy, the body will do what....

Answer 27

Increase breathing rate to get more oxygen for cellular respiration. If high exertion occurs and not enough oxygen is present, lactic acid fermentation will begin to occur.

Question 28

These are the three parts of the ATP molecule.

Answer 28

Adenine, 3 Phosphates , Ribose

Question 29

When performing a lab on spinach leaves, I measured a decrease in oxygen levels and an increase in carbon dioxide levels. What process is occuring at a higher rate?

Answer 29

Cellular Respiration

Question 30

What are ALL of the directly used reactants for the Calvin Cycle?

Answer 30

Carbon Dioxide, ATP and NADPH

Question 31

Write the full balanced equation for Aerobic Cellular Respiration

Answer 31

C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O (glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water)

Question 32

Compare the number of ATP made in aerobic cellular respiration and anaerobic cellular respiration

Answer 32

Aerobic - Approximately 36 | Anaerobic - 2

Question 33

This is the scientific term for organisms that can perform photosynthesis.

Answer 33

Autotrophs