History Flashcards
Rome is an example of what city planning?
Baroque Planning
Medieval city walls come from what city TYPE of layout planning? Give an example of a city?
the Star Plan, Vienna
Ancient Greece and modern Manhattan is an example of what kind of city LAYOUT planning? What are advantages of that type of layout?
the Grid City; vast potential for expansion, adaption and simple order
Give an example of a city that came from Renaissance planning.
Venice is an example of a medieval town transformed by formal plazas and squares and adding classical order to pre-existing buildings.
How does a monument impact a land survey?
it represents a reference point. weather it is man made or natural, its location is recorded as a permanent landmark.
PUD - planned unit development
a zoning designation in which parcels of land are developed with a combination of commercial, residential, recreational and civic uses. The goal is to create a vital and diverse community.
What is The City Beautiful Movement?
conceived as a reform movement, it was lead by advocates such as Daniel Burham how wanted to improve the socially, morally and physically decaying cities through beautification and order. Burnham thought this would inspire a sense of community, responsibility and civic loyalty among the inner city poor, thereby revitalizing urban life. Beautification was done by the Beaux Arts Style (Burham’s Worlds Colombian Exposition in Chicago) 1st organization implementation of the movement was the plan for Washington DC 1901. The commission headed by Burham’s set out to recapture the spirit of L’Enfant’s original design.
The Piazza of Saint Peter at the Vatican is an example of what type of planning?
Rennaissance Planning; Bernini dressed the existing medieval buildings in facades composed of classical Roman elements. The church was part of this movement. New Tuscan columns creating a colonnade defining the space as a formal piazza and organizes an otherwise haphazard urban pattern.
According to Kevin Lynch, name some unintended and sometimes undesirable effects of site development on living things?
blocked drainage induced erosion overturned soil horizons pants and animals killed human residents dispossessed new species introduced hunters, litterers, or builders introduced hillside scarred air and water polluted exotic chemicals introduced
What are Hannover Principles?
- For EXPO 2000 at the World’s Fair in Hannover, Germany, William McDonough presented a living component called Design for Sustainability.
- These guidelines were meant to inform the international design competitions and insure that Fair related design and construction represented sustainable development.
- The principles set priorities for sustainability in the built environment and were to be implemented globally.
Who transformed the urban planning of the nineteenth century Paris?
- Baron Eugene Haussman in 1855 was selected to transfrom Paris
- unified the city through the implementation of wide boulevards and long pedestrian archades that connected various monuments and plazas.
- had a concept of broad avenues that increased light and air for the city’s inhabitants and offered better curculation of the developing industrial age in Paris
What French Architect believed in structural rationalism? He was considered the first restoration architect.
Euegene Violelet le Duc
Who was a pioneer in zoning?
Tony Garnier
Who planned Washington DC?
Lefant
What is the project designed by Le Corbusier that represents the vision of the ideal city?
- Chandigarb, the capital city of Junjab
- planned as a living organism and base on four major functions: living, working, care of the body and spirit, and circulation.
- the city was built largely of unfinished concrete and exposed brick
- His model of the urban environment consisted of free standing, monolithic, high rise, high density business and residentail towers raised on columns above open or green space.
- other works that ebody his vision: Alton Housing in London, Brasilia in Brasil and Chaux
