History Flashcards
What is microbiology ?
Study of organisms to small to be seen with the naked eye.
Uses techniques eg sterilisation and the use of culture media to isolate and grow microorganisms.
Impact on areas of biology and general human welfare.
What is miasma theory?
Disease believed to be caused by poisonous vapour that contained bacteria.
What are the 2 types of cells that microorganisms have?
Eukaryotic and prokaryotic .
What is germ theory?
States that many diseases are caused by presence or action of micro organisms in the body.
What is spontaneous generation?
Living things develop from non living matter (Aristoltle)
Who challenged the spontaneous generation theory?
Francesco Redi (1626-1697) with his meat experiment
Who invented the 1st microscope?
Antoni van Leeuwenhoek (1677)
Who else added to the spontaneous generation debate ( against it)?
Louis Pasteur (1882-1895) goose flask experiments.
Who discovered the vaccine for small pox?
Edward Jenner (1796) made small incisions in arm rubbed cowpox on then exposed the boy to smallpox. Found he was immune to smallpox.
Who discovered disease could spread from one person to another?
Ignaz Semmelweis - “saviour of the mothers” discovered docs moving from patient to patient spread disease(childbed fever)
What did john snow, leading British physician and founder of epidemiology discover?
GERM THEORY
That cholera could be spread though contaminated water. Removed handle of water pump and disease stopped spreading. (1854)
Between 1857 and 1864 what other work had Louis Pasteur complete?
- yeast degrades into ethanol ,co2 and multiply
2. pasturisation
Who discovered aseptic technique?
Joseph lister (1867)
Who discovered anthrax and TB?
Robert Koch (1843-1910) mice experiments.
What are Kochs postulates?
- Microorganisms must be present in every case of the disease but absent from healthy host
- Suspected organism isolated and grown in pure culture
- Same disease when organism inoculated in healthy host
- Same m.organism isolated from healthy host
