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1
Q

Economic Boom

A

1920s (America + also rest of the world)
A time of rapid economic growth.
Production = Up. Unemployment = Down.

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2
Q

Roaring Twenties

A

A time of riotous fun - loud music, wild enjoyment, liberation, rebellion against traditional beliefs

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3
Q

Prohibition

A

1920 - 1933:
Banning / criminalising the sale + manufacturing alcohol

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4
Q

Moonshine

A

Alcohol that is brewed / distilled at home using normal equipment

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5
Q

Saloon

A

A bar

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6
Q

Speakeasy

A

An illegal / underground bar- people can “speak easy” as everyone there is committing the same crime

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7
Q

Temperance

A

Movement to encourage people not to drink anymore

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8
Q

Bootlegger

A

The people who illegally supplied alcohol and sold them to people - they hid the alcohol in their boot

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9
Q

Repeal

A

Revoke / remove / go back on an act of Parliament

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10
Q

Communism

A

The belief that we are all equal

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11
Q

Capitalism

A

The belief that trade and industry are fully controlled by private owners for profit

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12
Q

Anarchy

A

A system of society where no authority is needed / valued.
Everybody does what they want.

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13
Q

Share Prices

A

When there is a demand for goods / services, a company is worth more - therefore the prices of their shares increases.
When there is no demand for goods / services, a company is worth less - therefore the price of their shares decreases.

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14
Q

The Great Depression

A

1929 - 1939:
A sustained, long-term, economic downturn.
The opposite of BOOM.

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15
Q

The Weimar Republic

A

1919 - 1933:
The democratic government that was named after the town of Weimar
They held the opposite views to the Nazis

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16
Q

The Treaty of Versailles

A

The treaty that formally ended WW1, signed by Germany and the Allied Nations in 1919.
It’s terms required that Germany pay financial reparations, disarm, lose territory, and give up all of its overseas colonies.

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17
Q

Lebensraum

A

Expending the borders of Germany

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18
Q

Reichstag

A

1871 - 1918:The German government / parliament

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19
Q

Propaganda

A

A one-sided advertisement

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20
Q

Allies

A

Britain
Russia
USA
China

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21
Q

Axis Powers

A

Germany
Italy
Japan

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22
Q

Auschwitz

A

A complex of over 40 concentration and extermination camps operated in Nazi-invaded Poland

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23
Q

Shoah

A

The catastrophe (Hebrew)

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24
Q

Judeocide

A

The Killing of Jews

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25
Holocaust
Jewish sacrifice by fire (1941 - 1945)
26
Antisemitism
Hostility, prejudice and discrimination against the Jews
27
Genocide
Any act committed with intent too destroy, in whole or part, a national / racial / religious group
28
Assimilation
Being included in / feeling part of E.g. "Year 9 are assimilated to the pate's community"
29
Secular
A society that does not follow a religion not connected to a religion
30
Shtetl
A small, Jewish town in Eastern Europe - an entirely Jewish community
31
Ghetto
A cut-off Jewish establishment made by the Nazis to set them apart from the Germans for easier access and killings.
32
Why was there an Economic BOOM?
LACK PANTS: L - Laissez Faire A - Assembly Line C - Credit K - Knowledge P - Position (of USA in the world) A - Advertising N - New consumer goods T - Tariffs S - Share confidence
33
Laissez faire
The policy of the government not interfering and letting businesses to get bigger and bigger
34
Assembly Line
A manufacturing process where an item moves through different workstations with each station adding a part of process to the product until it is complete
35
Credit
Buy now, give money later
36
Knowledge
New inventions - more production - more money
37
Position (of the USA in the world)
WW1 meant America had many connections with its allies - practically all around the world (mostly in Asia and Europe)
38
Advertising
Encouraging adverts
39
New consumer goods
More stuff to want and buy
40
Tariffs
A tax or duty to be paid on a particular class of imports or exports
41
Share confidence
High levels of confidence, often associated with low unemployment and rising asset prices, encourage people to purchase shares, further driving up stock prices
42
Why as Prohibition repealed?
1) Police corruption (turned a blind eye - "better gangsters killing themselves, saves us the trouble") 2) Gangster's impact to general public (fame, as everyone knows them, shootings, stabbings, gang wars, etc.) 3) Confidence with numbers (no one was listening to the government at that point)
43
The Red Scare
1917 - 1920 (and 1947 1950): The fear of Communism- the society's deep mistrust in Communism lead to many strikes, petitions, bombings, etc.
44
Why did America blame strikes, riots, etc. on Communism? (Prohibition)
They needed someone to blame - immigrants. They thought that the social unrest was the first step to a plan to overthrow the Government.
45
How did America view new ideas? (Prohibition)
Everyone seemed to have quite radical political beliefs (including the immigrants) and when they had different ideas, they fought.
46
Sacco and Vanzetti
Two Italian immigrants that were electrocuted to death by a racist and biased judge (who was friends with the Prosecutor) after being falsely accused of stealing from the shoe factory Sacco worked in and killing an innocent clerk.
47
KKK
Ku Klux Klan: Group of people who believed that white people were superior to all other races. Grew from 100,000 members in 1902 to 5 million 5 years later.
48
Jim Crow Laws
1874 - 1975: Enforced "separate but equal" segregation - WHITE = better schools, cafes, buses BLACK = worse toilets, shops, train stations
49
'De jure' Segregation
Legalised racism (BAD)
50
'De facto' Segregation
Natural segregation (GOOD)
51
Tulsa's BLACK WALL massacre
1921: Thriving African-American area. One day, a black man was accused of assaulting a white girl. Days after, a group of white men came to Tulsa (away from where the supposed attack was), and killed innocent men, women and children with guns and bombs. This shows us that many white people at that time were extremely racist and just needed one excuse to attack the black people of Tulsa.
52
Why did many Africans travel up to the Northern states? (1920s)
For work as there was much less segregation - some areas even had a 70% Black population
53
The persecution of the Native Americans
1883 - 1978: Federal Government used brutal tactics to forcibly remove approx. 600 tribes that lived there for thousands of years
54
Positives to the Persecution of the Native Americans
* granted US citizenship in 1924 * allowed to vote in US * 12,000 Native Americans served in WW1 - changed the attitude of Americans
55
Negatives to the Persecution of the Native Americans
* Most lived in extreme poverty * Lower life expectancy / worse health / poorer education than Americans * Extreme discrimination * Low-paying jobs * Suddenly declined population * Rapidly losing land * Losing culture - sent to schools to try and make them more "white" and try to destroy their beliefs / traditions / dances / languages
56
The factors of the Wall Street Crash
* Overproduction + under-consumption of American industries * Speculation (investment with risk) * Decline in traditional industries * Poor distribution of income between rich and poor * Decision made by the banks not to support share prices
57
Hooverville
Tents and shacks on the outskirts of cities built by homeless people during the GREAT DEPRESSION. They were appointed by President Herbert Hoover in response to the skyrocketing unemployment and poverty rates.
58
When does Hitler join the Nazi Party
1919
59
The Reichstag Fire
27 Feb 1933: The Reichstag building, which was home to the German Parliament, was burned down. The communists were blamed for the fire because a Dutch communist, called Van der Lubbe, was found in the building as it burned. It led to the Emergency Decree
60
The Emergency Decree
Passed on 28 Feb 1933: It suspended civil liberties, including freedom of speech, assembly, and the press, and allowed for the arrest and imprisonment of political opponents without trial. This decree, passed by President Hindenburg under pressure from Hitler, made sure that the Nazis had no political opponents and rise to power.
61
Nazi Aims
1) Abolish the Treaty of Versailles 2) Lebensraum - expand the borders of Germany 3) Eliminate the enemies of Germany 4) Grow Germany's population and restore German-speaking people to Germany 5) Dominate Europe with Germany's 'Master Race'
62
The policy that the Nazis wanted women to live by
K - Kinder (children) K - Kircher (church) K - Kueche (kitchen / house)
63
SS
Schutzstaffel: A Nazi organization founded in 1929 as a bodyguard organization for Hitler - the state's most powerful instrument or power and terror, only second to Hitler. Responsible of concentration and death camps.
64
SA
Sturmabteilung: A Nazi organization founded in 1921. However, with the assassination of Röhm (the leader) by Hitler in1934, the organization lost much of its power.
65
Gestapo
The Secret State Force: Established in 1945 as a political police force that was feared the most by the average German citizen. They had the power to arrest any suspicious citizen and send them to a concentration camp with no explanation / trial.
66
Kristallnacht (Night of Broken Glass)
The night of November 9–10, 1938, when German Nazis shot Jewish people and property. The name Kristallnacht refers ironically to the litter of broken glass left in the streets after these pogroms
67
Nacht der langen Messer (Night of the Long Knives)
The purge of Nazi leaders by Adolf Hitler on June 30, 1934. Fearing that the paramilitary SA had become too powerful, Hitler ordered his elite SS guards to murder the organization’s leaders, including Ernst Röhm. Also killed that night were hundreds of other perceived opponents of Hitler.
68
The main battles of WW2
1) The Battle of the Atlantic 2) The Battle of Britain 3) Operation Barbarossa 4) The Second Battle of El Alamein 5) The Battle of Stalingrad 6) The Invasion of Normandy 7) Pearl Harbour 8) The Battle of Midway

Year 9 (8 decks)

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