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Year 9 > Biology > Flashcards

Biology Flashcards

1
Q

Cell membrane

A

Controls what goes in and out of the cell

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2
Q

Cytoplasm

A

Where the chemical reactions happen - this makes energy for cellular respiration

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3
Q

Nucleus

A

Controls the cell(‘s activities) as well as contains DNA

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4
Q

Ribosomes

A

Protein synthesis happens here

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5
Q

Mitochondria

A

Energy is released here (this is called respiration) - it is the powerhouse of the cell

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6
Q

Chloroplast

A

Makes chlorophyll for photosynthesis

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7
Q

Cell wall

A

Provides structure and shape to the cell

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8
Q

Vacuole

A

Contains cell sap - this is mostly made up of water

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9
Q

Total magnification

A

Eyepiece x objective lens

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10
Q

Magnification

A

Image size/ actual size

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11
Q

Prokaryotes

A

Cells lacking a nucleus + other membrane bound organelles (e.g. bacteria/archea)

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12
Q

Eukaryotes

A

Cells with a nucleus (plants/fungi/animals)

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13
Q

Flagellum

A

Long protein strand

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14
Q

Plasmid

A

A small circle of DNA found in bacteria

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15
Q

Pilli

A

Hairs on bacteria

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16
Q

All parts of bacteria cell

A

Chromosome
Cytoplasm
Ribosome
Flagellum
Cell membrane
Cell wall
Pilli
Plasmid

17
Q

All parts of animal cell

A

Cell membrane
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Ribosomes
Mitochondria

18
Q

All parts of plant cell

A

Chloroplast
Cell membrane
Nucleus
Cell wall
Mitochondria
Vacuole
Ribosomes
Cytoplasm

19
Q

How many micrometers in mm

A

1000

20
Q

How many nanometers in mm

A

1,000,000

21
Q

How many nanometers in micrometer

A

1000

22
Q

Which type of cell can develop into many different types of cell

A

Unspecialised cell

23
Q

What is the ability to develop into many different types of cell called

A

Pluripotent

24
Q

What is it called when stem cells divide into more stem cells

A

Self-renewal

25
Q

What is it called when a stem cell is made into a specialised cell

A

Differentiation

26
Q

Which stem cells can differentiate into different types of cells under different conditions

A

Embryonic stem cells

27
Q

Cellulose

A

A chain of glucose monomers that forms a cell wall

28
Q

Electron Microscope

A

A microscope using a beam of electrons to provide a very high magnification + resolution

29
Q

Resolution

A

The ability to see two structures as two separate structures rather than one fuzzy dot

30
Q

Genetic material

A

DNA - the instructions for the cell

31
Q

Light microscope

A

Uses visible light, but limited magnification and resolution

32
Q

Magnification (definition)

A

Enlarging the apparent size of an object

33
Q

Photosynthesis

A

The process of using sunlight, water and carbon dioxide to produce glucose and oxygen

34
Q

Protein Synthesis

A

Turning DNA into protein (on ribosomes)

Year 9 (3 decks)

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