History Flashcards
Study
What is socialism?
An economic system in which the government owns business.
Who is Karl Marx?
A student of philosophy and history who wrote the ‘Communist Manifesto’ with Friedrich Engels.
What does proletariat mean?
A communist term for laborers who rebel against the middle class and the bourgeoisies to make a classless society.
What is bourgeoisie?
Capitalists.
What is communism?
An economic system in which property is commonly and not privately owned.
What is suffrage?
The privilege to vote in elections.
What does temperance mean?
Drinking in moderation.
What is abstinence?
No drinking of alcohol.
What was Chartism?
A movement in England in the 1800s that called for universal manhood suffrage and elections by secret ballot.
Who was Benjamin Disraeli?
A British prime minister who supported a bill that doubled the number of men who could vote.
Who was William Gladstone?
Disraeli’s political opponent who stressed domestic reform during his terms as prime minister.
Who was Louis Napoleon Bonaparte?
Elected as president of the newly formed French Second Republic in 1848; declared himself president for life and gave himself the title of emperor in 1852.
What is a pogrom?
A sweeping, targeted, and repeated attack on Jews in Russia.
What is romanticism?
A Western style of art, music, and literature characterized by an emphasis on the mysterious and supernatural, a longing for the Medieval age, and a love for freedom, nationalism, emotion, and nature.
What is realism?
An art form that replaced romanticism and pictured everyday life in realistic detail.
Who is Charles Dickens?
An author who wrote about the negative aspects of the Industrial Revolution, including the slums where many workers lived.
Who is Leo Tolstoy?
An author who described the difficulties of life in Russia and wrote the novel ‘War and Peace.’
Who is James Maxwell?
A Scottish scientist who made many contributions to the fields of physics and astronomy.
Who is Louis Pasteur?
A French chemist who made many important discoveries that prevented several diseases.
What is pasteurization?
A process developed by Louis Pasteur in which milk and other liquids are heated to slow the development of disease-causing microbes.
Who is Charles Darwin?
An author who provided the foundation for an evolutionary theory to explain the origins and changes of life.
What is the internal combustion engine?
An invention that produced power inside of the engine.
Who are the Wright Brothers?
They made their first successful flight on December 17, 1903.
What is a telegraph?
A device that enabled people to write messages to others who lived far away.
Who is Samuel Morse?
He patented the first known telegraph and developed the code to use with the telegraph machine.
What is a telephone?
A device that enabled people to speak to others who lived far away.
Who is Alexander Graham Bell?
He patented the telephone.
