History Flashcards
The formation of canon
Irenaeous
Muratorian fragrament
3rd century
The church didn’t say what was inspired. The church recognized what God was inspired.
(1) Period of collection (90-180)
* writings show citations from the NT
(2) Period of Emergence of NT Canon (180-220)
* muratorian canon (170AD)
* marcion forces church to correct
(3) Period of Fixation (220-400)
* synod of carthage (397AD) received all 27
* Athanasius, bishop of Alexandria the 39th festal letter accepting all 27
Trace through the development and continuity of Reformation
Name a reformer in each century.
Post reformation
Trace of papacy
*Given the size and power of Rome, it is natural that the bishop of Rome grew in his stature and power.
*Pope of Gregory speaking to Bishop of Constantinople that there is no such thing as universal church.
*It reaches to the climax of medieval age. It was criticised by the Reformeds.
The Pope was not declared infallible untilthe 19th century.
Bernard of Claxvoux
11th-12th century.
- Leader and reformer of medieval Christianity
- Reform thru ascetic lifestyle
- Rallied 2nd crusade as preacher
- John Calvin considered him the major witness to truth between Gregory the Great and the 1500s. Also appreciated by Luther
Pope Gregory the great
- late 6th and early 7th
- Last good pope.
- Gregory marked his period as pope by his claim to ‘universal’ jurisdiction over Christendom, notably in a controversy with the Patriarch of Constantinople
- he proclaimed the ‘Christian Commonwealth’ in which the pope and the clergy were to be responsible for ordering society.
Anselm
11th-12th century, of Canterbury
- Theologian, scholar, and “teacher of teachers” who laid the foundations for the great intellectual awakening known as the twelfth-century Renaissance
- Ransom theory of atonement
- Ontological argument for God
Thomas Aquinas
13th century
- medieval Italian theologian and Dominican monk *systematized theology in his Summa Theologica (a synthesis of Aristotelian philosophy and Christian faith)
- four fold reading of the text: historical, allegorical, moral, analogical
Crusade
1096-1400s
*The Fourth Crusade (1202–1204) was launched by Pope Innocent III, and it ended in the establishment of a Latin empire at Constantinople.
How does church history help in preaching and teaching
1) warning
2) model
Why are you a protestant and not a catholic
(a) 5 Solas
1) by faith alone
2) by grace alone
3) by Christ alone
4) by word of God alone
5) for the glory of God alone
(b) mariology
(c) purgatory
Apocrypha
(1) The “Catholic” books were not officially declared to be part of the Bible until the Council of Trent, an action in reaction to the Protestant Reformers, and not a council of the whole church.
(2) St. Augustine, while revering them as worthy of reading in the churches for edification, considered them to be “deutero-canonical”, that is, having secondary authority not on a par with the fully canonical books.
(3) Not cited by NT
(4) Most written in Greek not Hebrew.
Councils
Council of Jerusalem - Peter, Paul, James, Barnabas
Nicea (325) - Christ is God
Constantinopole (375) - Holy Spirit is God
Ephesus (431) - Human beings are depraved from birth
Chalcedon (451) - Christ is both God and man.
Francis of Assisi
- Late 12th century - early 13th
- Founded franscian order
- who began monastic communities for men and women devoted to poverty and service to the poor
- He was a traveling order.
- He try to converted to the Sultans and end the crusade.
