History

Question 1

What did Medieval England think the Black Death was caused by?

Answer 1

4 humours, miasma (bad air), punishment from god.

Question 2

What is a Cesspit?

Answer 2

A pit for collecting human waste.

Question 3

What is a Drover?

Answer 3

Someone who drives animals to the market.

Question 4

What is a Latrine?

Answer 4

A medieval toilet.

Question 5

What is a Midden?

Answer 5

A pit for collecting waste.

Question 6

What is a Conduit?

Answer 6

A stone channel for transporting water

Question 7

When was the medieval period?

Answer 7

1250-1500

Question 8

What year did the black death hit?

Answer 8

1348

Question 9

How much of the population was killed by the Black Death?

Answer 9

50%

Question 10

What was the 4 humors made up of?

Answer 10

Black bile, yellow bile, phlegm and blood.

Question 11

What is a gongfarmer?

Answer 11

They were paid to remove human waste from latrines and cesspits.

Question 12

What is a raker?

Answer 12

Paid to clean the streets.

Question 13

In Bristol, What 2 things were moved to the outskirts of town?

Answer 13

Prositutes and dung heaps.

Question 14

What is pesents drink to kill bacteria in the water?

Answer 14

Small beer.

Question 15

What vegetable stew did pesents eat?

Answer 15

Pottage.

Question 16

What does adulterated mean?

Answer 16

When food is altered by adding something in to make it last longer or look different.

Question 17

Features of housing in the Early Modern Period:

Answer 17

• Poorly constructed, led to damp which could lead to tuberculosis.
• Houses were gradually replaced by stone and brick.
• Poor ventilation.
• Streets has some paving which kept waste off of it leading to a cleaner environment.

Question 18

How often would cesspits be emptied?

Answer 18

Every 1-2 years.

Question 19

Who has their own personal wells to supply them with clean water?

Answer 19

The rich.

Question 20

In what year was a new river built to supply 30,000 houses?

Answer 20

1609.

Question 21

What had changed regarding handling the black death in the early modern period compared to the medieval period?

Answer 21

• More government responsibility.
• They now recognise its contagious.
• They isolate the sick in pesthouses.
• New treatments such as tobacco and herbal remedies but still ineffective.