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PSYC 350 Sexuality > history > Flashcards

history Flashcards

1
Q

Historical method

A

Examining documents, art, artifacts

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2
Q

ethnocentrism

A

Our opinions are based on our own culture as the norm and others are not

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3
Q

Prehistorics

A

worship of women’s ability to bear children

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4
Q

Ancient hebrews

A

procreation and pleasure, polygamy was allowed but more were monogamous

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5
Q

Ancient greece

A

homosexuality, bisexuality, pederasty, prostitution

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6
Q

Ancient Rome

A

orgies, sexual activity between women were frowned upon

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7
Q

Muslims

A

sex within marriage, no premarital sex, polygamy

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8
Q

Taoists

A

sexuality and spirituality

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9
Q

Hindus

A

sex as virtuous and natural, celebrated within marriage

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10
Q

Early christians

A

Sex for procreation only, not passion, sex as sin if not procreative

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11
Q

Protestant reformation

A

Some sex not only for procreation

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12
Q

Middle ages

A

Wet dreams, sexual dysfunction

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13
Q

Victorian era(1837-1901)

A

Extreme sexual repression, marital duty for procreation and men’s pleasure

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14
Q

The sexual revolution (1965-1970s)

A

Social upheaval in science, music, art, fashion

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15
Q

Media has 3 types of influence:

A

cultivation, agenda setting, social learning

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16
Q

Cultivation

A

media represents real life

17
Q

Agenda setting

A

media chooses what to portray

18
Q

Social learning

A

characters in media are models that we imitate

19
Q

Sigmund Freud (1856-1939)

A

Psychodynamic theory

20
Q

history of sex research began in…

A

19th century

21
Q

Havelock Ellis

A

British physician
Wrote: Studies in the psychology of sex
First to write about homosexaulity in a compassionate way
Also wrote about transgenderism which he called sexoaesthetic inversion and later eonism
Attributed it to over-identification with admired object

22
Q

Richard Freiherr von Krafft-Ebing

A

German psychiatrist and sexologist
Psychopathia sexualis
Non-procreative sex was a perversion
4 categories of “sexual perversions”

23
Q

4 categories of “sexual perversions”
(Krafft-Ebing)

A

Paradoxia: sexual response at the wrong time in life
Anesthesia:insufficient sexual desire
Hyperesthesia:excessive sexual desire
Paraesthesia:sexual desire for the wrong goal or object

24
Q

Magnus Hirschfield

A

Founder of first sex reserach institute
Adminstered first large scale sex survey
Established the first journal devoted to scientific study of sexuality

25
Q

Alfred kinsey

A

Conducted first major published large sexual surveys in the US
Prevalence of homosexuality
Created scale from 1-7 of sexaulity
Extramarital sex
Multiple orgasm

26
Q

William masters and virginia johnson

A

First to look at physiological response in men and women

27
Q

hawthorne effect

A

observer effect (people’s tendency to behave differently when they become aware that they are being observed. )

28
Q

Variations across cultures

A

Sexual frequency
~how often people have sex

Sexual techniques:
~Some cultures kiss some don’t

Masturbation
~Masturbation is encourage in some cultures and some condemned

Premarital sex
~Allowed in some cultures and some don’t

Extramarital sex
~Having sex not with your partner

Sex with same-sex partners
~Occurs in all cultures

Standards of attractiveness is different in all cultures

29
Q

Canada vs USA differences

A

Canadians are more liberal in terms of sex attitudes than Americans

American teenagers are 2x likely to get pregnant

Canadians have more sex outdoors??

30
Q

Similarities

A

25% of Canadians and Americans have 3 some

50% have one night stand

31
Q

Variations within a culture

A

different norms for different subgroups (age, ses, gender)

within subcultures: culture of origin, acculturation to Canadian culture

largest and fastest-growing immigrant groups in CA:
~S Asian and E Asian (these culture tend to uphold more traditional gender roles and sexual orientation)

32
Q

Within Canada cultural differences

A

people have different frequency of sex

avg # of lifetime partners: 12

Quebec being the most sexually liberal (most likely to have sex)

33
Q

Biological perspective/cross species behavior

A

No behavior unique to humans

Less hormonal and biological control as you go up evolutionary scale where the brain takes over

PSYC 350 Sexuality (5 decks)

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