History Flashcards
How many people were killed in the first world war and how was these killings going on for
9 million people died and it was going on for 4 years
What year did WW1 start and end
July 28th 1914 ended on 11nov 1918
Long term causes of WW1
.nationalsits showing pride in there country after winning WW1 and thinking there country is the best
. People took great pride in their armies and naives. To make sure that theirs were the best countries
.also countries were threatend so were very keen on making friends with countrys ypu can see this happen in the WW2 the triple Entente(Britain,France Russia)
Short term reasons WW1
In 1914 the heir to the austrain throne Archduke Franz Ferdinard
- arrived in the bosnian city of sarajevo. Bosnia has been part of autrl-hungarian empire since 1908 when kt had been conqured but many bosnians wanted to join with Serbia so a gang calle “black hand” they planned to assasinate Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his trip to sarajevo was the perfect opportuninty
How did Archduke get assaisnated in 1914
At 9.28am were driven to town hall slowly then black hand threw a bomb but just missed injuering 7
Archduke sped off the archduke cancelled the rest of his visit but bsited the injured omes at 11 am the driver took the wrong turn he stopped to turn around 18 year old Gavrilo princip took a pistol shoot twice hitting ferdinad in throat and wife i the stomach both dead.
Germanys master plan
Germany masterplan was a war against France and Russia would mean that the Germans would have to split their arm into one go east to fight Russia and the other going west to fight France the plan they came up with to deal with a problem and plan was called the schlieffen plan. The idea was to quickly defeat front of a huge knockout blue through Belgium before moving the souls east to face their enormous but slowly moving Russian army.
Germanys mistaken plan
First mistake was thought Belgium is gonna go down easily but they put up a face fight resistance and slowed the charge to France right down the British expert expeditionary force BEF a highly trained professional army of 125,000 men how the Germans back at the mons on the 19th of August the Russians launched attack on Germany that was far quicker than the German had expected before they had a chance to catch your powers for cent troops to face the Russians and by September the German army retreated 40 miles aisne and germany and britain kept on building trenches this was called stalemate
Trenches in World War I part 1
Dead bodies and food scraps attracted many rats to the trenches and became so big due to all the blood their blood and meat and eating off the humans dead bodies. The food that at the beginning of the war is fed well then as a time and on their to eat bully Billy beef or tinned corn beef bread and biscuits and it took so long for this fresh fruit to get the front line and normally be stale at some point they had to peas and gravy and instead of vegetables they had to put the chef put weed in them, and these always would get very cold when they arrived to the front line.
Trenches in WW1 part2
Many soldiers in first suffered trench caused by cold wet and dirty conditions in the trenches men for hours and then in wet muddy trenches without being able to remove wet socks or be that feet would gradually go numb in the skin return red or blue if I’m transferred, could nous And result in amputation.
Treaty of versaille
When when world war 1 ended in 1918 britains prime minister david lloyd georfe he organised with the amercians to have a meeting and decide what the enimes got. Was signed 1919
Treaty of versailles part 2
The big three ( britain france and USA) at this meeting france and england were the most brutal to germany not austro hungarians or either bulgariens
President of amercia during WW1
Woodrow Wilson
Prime minister of France
George clemenceau
Treaty of versaillies germanys punishment
1Germany must pay for the war in money and goods. The figure was set at £6600 million. They must sign to agree that they had started the war too.
2Germany to have no air force or submarines. Only tiny army and navy. No tanks or submarines allowed. No German soldiers allowed anywhere near France.
3 germany cant have over 100k men in the army
Leauge of nations
After the losers were punished, the winners turned their attentions to trying to stop wars forever. They decided to set up a League of Nations, a kind of international club for settling problems peacefully. Its headquarters would be in Geneva, Switzerland. About 40 countries joined up straightaway, hoping to solve any disputes by discussion rather than war. If one nation did end up declaring war on another, all the other member nations would stop trading with the invading country until a lack of supplies would bring the fighting to an end.
The League would aim to help in other ways too. Countries would work together to fight diseases, stop drug smuggling and slavery, and improve working conditions. However, fewer than half the countries in the world joined - Germany wasn’t allowed and politicians in the USA voted against it - and it didn’t have its own army to go in and stop trouble. Yet, for a few years, it seemed to work well. In 1920
Russian revoultion
Russia was divided because Tsar nicholas II was loved the romanovs then four years go by during the fisrt world war russains. Get mad over how many soldiers die so many are turend to poverty in in march 1917tsars troops refused to kill desperate workers and this was now a revoultion. In april 1917 Lein was the leader of the bolshiveks lenin thought everyone should be the same and was strong on communism.
Russian revoultion part 2
In 1917 bolsheviks sesies power from goverment only won this because the palace soldiers flees the scene.
The Bolsheviks seized power easily, but they were not yet in control. Many people opposed the new government. From the very beginning of the new regime, Lenin set out to destroy all opposition parties.
Bolshevik soldiers smashed up the offices of opposition newspapers and arrested their editors.
Lenin’s new secret police force, the Cheka, tortured and executed opponents of his new government.
The Provisional Government had promised the people that there would be an election to decide who should represent them in a new Constituent
Assembly (parliament).
Lenin was forced to go ahead with this election in November 1917. But the Bolsheviks did badly and were outnumbered in the Constituent Assembly. Lenin had no intention of losing power. He was determined to make Russia communist.
In January 1918 he sent his soldiers to the Constituent Assembly and closed it down.
Russia had become a
one-party state.
Russian revolution part 3
After the October Revolution the Russian people were desperate for peace with Germany. The war had caused enough suffering.
In November 1917 a group of Bolshevik diplomats travelled to Brest Litovsk to begin peace talks. The Germans made very harsh demands. Lenin was afraid that if a peace treaty was not signed German troops would capture Petrograd (which was the new name for St Petersburg). The Germans would then remove the Bolsheviks from power. In March 1918 the two sides finally signed the Treaty of Brest Litovsk. Russi had to give up 34% population 32% russias ageicultural land
54% russian factories 89% russians coal mines.
Russian revolution 4
The communists knew that if they were to remain in power they had to keep the promises which they had made to the Russian people. During the autumn and winter of 1917 they passed a number of decrees which aimed to make Russia a more equal society.
Many rich and educated people escaped from the new regime.
For many of those who stayed life became unbearable. Ordinary Russians were rude and hostile towards them. Armed gangs raided their houses. Aristocrats, factory directors, lawyers, artists, priests and teachers were rounded up. They were forced to do jobs like clearing rubbish and snow from the streets.
