HISTORICAL BACKGROUND (ANIMALS)

Question 1

1st attempt at animal classification; based on presence/absence of blood

Answer 1

Democritus

Question 2

adapted Democritus’ system; classified animal kingdom into Anaima and Enaima; oviparous and viviparous

Answer 2

Aristotle

Question 3

Anaima

Answer 3

invertebrates

Question 4

Enaima

Answer 4

vertebrates

Question 5

Oviparous

Answer 5

Egg laying

Question 6

Viviparous

Answer 6

chenez lang

Question 7

He published Quadrupeds (4 appendages) and Reptiles (1693); first naturalist to give the modern concept of species

Answer 7

John Ray

Question 8

Divided the animal kingdom into 6 classes: Mammalia, Aves, Amphibia, Pisces, Insecta and Vermis

Answer 8

Linnaeus

Question 9

Divided invertebrates into Mollusca, Cirripedia, Annelida, Crustacea, Insecta, Arachnida, Vermes, Radiata, Polypes, and Infusoria

Answer 9

Lamarck

Question 10

expert on animal anatomy; founded vertebrate paleontology; classified animals into VARM

Answer 10

Georges Cuvier

Question 11

“Ontogeny”; published a monograph on Radiolaria

Answer 11

Ernst Haeckel

Question 12

used taxonomy as foundation to his evolutionary views; studied Cirripedia; Finces; genealogy as the basis of classification; On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection

Answer 12

Charles Darwin

Question 13

used the fossils of Archaeopteryx to prove that birds are descendants of dinosaurs

Answer 13

Thomas Huxley

Question 14

proposed the 5-kingdom scheme

Answer 14

Robert Whittaker

Question 15

refined Whittaker’s scheme with the inclusion of Protoctista (uni/multi) in place of Protista (uni)

Answer 15

Margulis and Schwartz