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Pathology > Histopathology - Fundamentals > Flashcards

Histopathology - Fundamentals Flashcards

1
Q

function of neutrophils

A

acute inflammation

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2
Q

function of lymphocytes

A

chronic inflammation (lymphomas)

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3
Q

function of eosinphils

A
  • allergic reactions
  • parasitic infections
  • tumours (i.e. Hodgkin’s)
  • eosinophilic oesophagitis (allergic reaction)
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4
Q

function of mast cells

A

large and full of inflammatory granules

welts and rashes e.g. urticaria

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5
Q

function of macrophages

A
  • late acute inflammation
  • chronic inflammation
  • granulomas (organised collection of activated macrophages)
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6
Q

what does a Ziehl-Neelson stain do?

A

acid fast stain

differentiate sarcoid and TB

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7
Q

histology of SCC

A

keratin production

intercellular bridges

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8
Q

what stain would you use for SCC of lung?

A

P40 stain

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9
Q

histology of adenocarcinomas

A

mucin production

glands

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10
Q

what stains would you use in adenocarcinomas?

A

mucin stain (to differentiate from SCC)
fontana stain for melanin
TTF-1 stain for adenocarcinoma of lung

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11
Q

histology of transitional cell carcinomas

A

just looks like transitional epithelium

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12
Q

what is the general cytological stain?

A

Papanicolaou

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13
Q

how do histochemical stains work?

A

based on reaction between stain and component of tissue

reaction creates colour to be identified

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14
Q

histochemical stain for copper

A

Rhodanine stain

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15
Q

histochemical stain for haemochromatosis

A

Prussian Blue iron stain

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16
Q

histochemical stain for amyloid

A

congo red stain

shows apple green birefringence

17
Q

histochemical stain for brucellosis

A

castaneda medium

18
Q

histochemical stain for A1AT, candida

A

peroidic acid schiff stain

19
Q

how do immunohistochemical stains work?

A

based on antibodies matching to specific antigens on tissue

20
Q

what is the marker for lymphoid cells?

A

CD45

21
Q

what is the marker for epithelial cells?

A

cytokeratins

22
Q

what is the marker for neuroendocrine cells (MEN1, insulinomas, phaeochromocytoma)?

A

chromogranin stain

Pathology (21 decks)

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