Histology (renal corpuscle) Flashcards
Where are the renal corpuscle located?
What are the types of corpscles and where are they located?
renal corpuscles are located entirely in the cortex (the red dots)
Two types:
Cortical Corpuscles (85%)-located in the subcapular area
Juxtamedullary Corpuscles - located in the corticalmedllary zone
There are somethat are intermediate as well
What are these in the picture?
P
D
C
yellow circle
BS
A
E
P-proximal tubule
D- Distal tubule
C-capillary loops
yellow circle- urinary pole
BS- Bowmans space
A-Afferent aterioles
E-Efferent Aterioles
Notice the afferent is larger than efferent arteriole.
What is the glomerulus a cluster of? Identify them in the picture?
What surrounds the glomerulus and what are they made up of? Identify in the picture?
glomerular tuft is a cluster of:
Capillaries(C),
Mesangial cells (Ms)
Podocytes (Pc).
Surrounded by Bowman’s Capsule which consists of Parietal (P) and visceral (V)
The parietal layer made up of simple squamous cells
The visceral layer made up of special kind of cells (Pc)
What supplies the cappilary tufts and drain the capillary tufts?
-The capillary tuft (Fenestrated) are supplied by afferent arteriole that enter the (Bc) from its vascular pole and drained by efferent arteriole.
What does podocytes form?
What are the larger and the processes of the podocytes are called and the fine digit like processes called of the podocytes?
Podocytes form numerous processes and cover the surface of the capillaries (of the glomerulus).
The larger processes are called primary processes.
The fine, digit-like processes are called secondary processes/pedicels.
How does the pedicles envelop the glomerlus and what do they form?
What do filtration slits allow for?
What is at the base of filtration slits and what is the size?
The pedicels completely envelop glomerular capillaries by interdigitating with the pedicels from neighboring processes, forming filtration slits.
filtration slits allow filtration of blood into the primary urinary space.
At the base of the filtration slit of adjacent cells form a negatively charged barrier called the slit diaphragm (diameter the size of an albumin molecule.)
Identify:
Macla densa
Extraglomular mesangial cells
Juxtaglomerular cells
What forms the Macula densa?
What is the function of the Macula densa?
Is formed by modified epithelium from the distal portion of the thick ascending limb (of the loop of Henle). The modified epithelium is taller and narrower.
The macula densa functions to sense NaCl concentration in the passing urine.
What are
P
SM
MC
in the picture of the macula densa
P= Proximal convoluted tubules
MC= Mesangial cells,
SM= Smooth muscle
What is the function of Mesagial cells?
What are mesagial cells a modified version of and what are their characteristics?
Function:
- Regulation of glomerular blood flow, They have receptors for Angiotensin II, upon activation it reduces blood flow through this area. Certain vasodilators can increase blood flow through this area.
- Structural support of the glomerulus
- Phagocytosis of residue and protein trapped on the basal lamina.
- Secreting Endothelin and prostaglandins
specialized Pericyte with characteristics of smooth muscle and macrophage
- They are :
- 1- contractile
- 2- phagocytic
- 3- proliferative
Identify the blue arrow. what is the function of these cells? Where are they located?
Identify the green arrow. What cells do these cells contact and what is the function?
juxtaglomerular cells (Blue arrow) are modified smooth muscle cells located in the wall of afferent arteriole(Red arrow)
(Red arrow) afferent aterioles entering the glomerulus at the vascular pole, which contact a set of columnar cells called the macula densa (Green arrow) in the adjacent segment of (TALH), sense changes in blood pressure and NaCl concentration. The JG cells secrete renin to maintain blood pressure and volume control.
