Histology Flashcards
What are the parts of the renal system?
Two kidney Two Ureter One Bladder One Urethra
What are the parts of the kidneys?
Renal Hilum
medulla
Capsule
Minor Calyx
Major Calyx
Renal pelvis
pyramid
Reanal Column
Cortex
Papilla
What are the parts of the renal hilum?
Renal vein
renal nerve renal artery
What are the parts the pyramid?
Outer Medulla
Collecting duct
inner medulla
What is a renal lobule?
A renal lobule Part of of the kidney containing nephrons that are by a common collecting duct is defined as a portion of the kidney containing those Nephrons that are served by a common collected duct.
Describe the blood supply of the kidney?
Renal artery => interlobar a between renal pyramids => arcuate arteries at the corticomedullary junction => interlobular a in cortex => afferent arterioles => glomerular capillaries => efferent arterioles => peritubular capillary network
venules => interlobular v. => arcuate v. => interlobar v. => renal v.
What does the uriferous tubule consist of?
Nephron (renal corpuscle and renal tubule)
Collecting Ducts
What are the Nephron consist of?
Renal Corpuscle
Renal Tubule
What is the function and the parts and function of the renal corpuscle?
Function- filtering unit
Contains-bowan capsule, urinary space, glomerlus
What is the glomerlus made of?
Made by fenestrated capillaries
Originated from Afferent artery (large) and exit as Efferent artery (small). Interpose between them are Mesangial cells (intraglomerular).
What are the parts of the bowmans capsule?
Vsceral
parietal
Visceral attached to capillary – line by Podocytes- basal
lamina supported by simple squamous epithelium and continued with the simple cuboidal epithelium of proximal convoluted tubule (PCT).
Parietal layer associated with Connective tissue stroma.
What is the differences in the renal corpsucle in the cortical vs juxtamedullary?
Distribution of renal corpuscle:
- Cortical: have short loop of Henle
reaches outer medulla.
- Juxtamedullary: have long loop of Henle, projecting into the inner medulla
What are the parts of the renal tubules?
PCT
Loop of Henle
DCT
Collecting ducts
What are the cells of the PCT? What is the function of PCT?
Longets part of the renal tubules
simple cuboidal cells
microvilli that incresses its surface area
Function- rebasorb seventy percent of filtered water, glucose,
NaCl, AA
What are the parts and cells of the loop of henle? Function?
a thick descending portion (pars recta), a thin descending portion,
a thin ascending portion, and a thick ascending portion.
Thick-lined by low cuboidal
Thin lined by squamous
concentrate filtrate by absorption of water 15% (descending loop)
ascending loop impereable to water
no red blood cells unlike the adjacent capillaries
What are the parts of the DCT? function?
less numerous than and shorter than the proximal convoluted tubules.
cells are cuboidal, with very few microvilli.
wide lumen and clear
Funtion- permeable to water under ADH
What are the parts and cells of the collecting tubules?
not part of the nephron.
cuboidal or Columnar cells.
empty into collecting ducts
easy to recognize, because they have large lumens, with pale staining columnar epithelium.
Principal cells has cilia - light cell
intercalated cell - dark cell
What is this? which channels does it have?
Principle cell of the collecting tubule
light staining
basal infolding
has aquaporine 2 channels
What is this?
Intercalted cells of the collecting tubule
What is the flow of urine?
Collecting duct => Papillary duct => Minor calyx => Major calyx
=> renal pelvis => Ureter => Urinary bladder => Urethra
What type of tissue lines the ureter?
Transitional epithelial
Transitional epithelium is a stratified tissue made of multiple cell layers, change shape depending on the distention in the organ, cells on the topmost layer of this epithelium can stretch and appear flattened. Alternately, they can also appear cuboidal with a rounded shape when the fluid pressure is low.
What are the parts of the Ureter?
a- Inner longitudinal
b- Middle circular
c- Outer longitudinal
