Histology of Skin Flashcards
The skin is made up of two main layers, the _ and _
The skin is made up of two main layers, the epidermis and dermis
Most of the cells in the epidermis are _ ; they are produced in the basal layer and then go through various stages of differentiation until they shed off the surface of the skin at the stratum corneum
Most of the cells in the epidermis are keratinocytes ; they are produced in the basal layer and then go through various stages of differentiation until they shed off the surface of the skin at the stratum corneum
Name the layers of the epidermis, superficial to deep
“Come Let’s Get Sun Burned”
Stratum corneum
Stratum lucidum
Stratum granulosum
Stratum spinosum
Stratum basale
The _ layer serves as the main functional barrier of the skin
The stratum corneum layer serves as the main functional barrier of the skin
The stratum corneum is mostly composed of _
The stratum corneum is mostly composed of 10-30 layers of dead keratinocytes which lack nuclei and contain abundant keratin filaments
The _ layer is only found in the thick layer of the palms and soles
The stratum lucidum layer is only found in the thick layer of the palms and soles
The stratum lucidum consists of 3-5 layers of _
The stratum lucidum consists of 3-5 layers of dead keratinocytes
The dead keratinocytes in the stratum lucidum layer contain a protein called _ that later gets converted into keratin in the stratum corneum
The dead keratinocytes in the stratum lucidum layer contain a protein called eleiden that later gets converted into keratin in the stratum corneum
The stratum granulosum is a relatively thin layer in the epidermis that is also known as the _ layer
The stratum granulosum is a relatively thin layer in the epidermis that is also known as the granular layer
The stratum granulosum layer features _ and _
The stratum granulosum layer features keratohyalin granules and (secrete) lamellar bodies
The keratohyalin granules in the stratum granulosum are filled with proteins that lead to _
The keratohyalin granules in the stratum granulosum are filled with proteins that lead to aggregation and cross-linking of keratin filaments
The lamellar bodies that are secreted by the stratum granulosum are composed of lipids and proteins that help to form the _
The lamellar bodies that are secreted by the stratum granulosum are composed of lipids and proteins that help to form the water-tight hydrophobic barrier of the skin
How do we characterize the stratum spinosum?
The stratum spinosum consists of several layers of cells with large nuclei
* These cells have begun keratinization (process of producing keratin and creating epidermal barrier)
The stratum basale is the deepest layer of the epidermis; therefore we find a single layer of cells with many _
The stratum basale is the deepest layer of the epidermis; therefore we find a single layer of cells with many keratinocyte stem cells –> these will divide and migrate to form the stratum spinosum
Besides keratinocyte stem cells, what else do we find in the stratum basale layer?
Stratum basale:
1. keratinocyte stem cells
2. melanocytes
3. merkel cells
Melanocytes produce _ ; which is stored in organelles called _ and can be transported to keratinocytes in close proximity
Melanocytes produce melanin ; which is stored in organelles called melanosomes and can be transported to keratinocytes in close proximity
Merkel cells are _
Merkel cells are sensory cells/ fine-touch receptors
* Found in high quantities in finger tips
Langerhan cells are special _ cells found in _
Langerhan cells are special dendritic cells found in all layers of the epidermis
* They are the primary antigen-presenting cells of the skin