Histology of Respiratory System

Question 1

Divisions of the Respiratory System; Function

Answer 1

Conducting: Air Transport, Olfaction, Phonation
Respiratory: Gas Exchange

Question 2

The combination of Diseases that result in reduced exchange of gasses between blood and air are referred to as?

Answer 2

COPD - Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder

Question 3

What structures make up the C/R divisions of the respiratory system

*name cartilaginous structures – function of cartilage?

Answer 3

C: Nasal Cavity, Pharynx (nasal/oral to esophagus), *Larynx (pharynx to esophagus), *Trachea, *Bronchi, Bronchioles

R: Respiratory Bronchioles, Alveolar Ducts, Alveolar Sacs

Question 4

What is the tissue classification for Respiratory EPITHELIUM and Olfactory EPITHELIUM? – remember this is in nasal cavity

Answer 4

R: pseudo-stratified ciliated columnar epithelium
O: specialized PSCCE epithelium

Question 5

Give CELL TYPES and function of EPITHELIAL Respiratory System

HINT: *R(NC) - O(NC), *T, *B, B}

Answer 5

O - Brush, Basil, Olfactory (bipolar n.) Sustentacular (support)

• Ciliated Cells - (columnar cell)
• Goblet (mucus prod)
• Brush & Basil (receptor, stem respectively)
• Granule (release local med/ macrophage recruit)

Bronchioles - All * and Clara - (surfactant - prev collapse)

Question 6

Lamina Propria (under epithelium) is found it what levels of the Respiratory Systems. Give me the common and specialized structure of each.

Answer 6

R(NC) - O(NC), T, B, B, - Vasculature (warm air)

Olfactory Region - Olfactory Nerves & Glands (Bowman’s gland)

Question 7

We know NC (Respiratory/Olfactory regions have only mucosa (EP + LP), What are the tissue layers in other respiratory structures?

Answer 7

Trachea & Bronchi

1) Mucosa (EP- barrier LP- Vasculature/immune cells
2) Submucosa (glands, BV, Nerves)
3) Cartilage Layer - C shaped Hyaline
4) Adventicia (CT, BV, Nerves)

+Bronchi & Bronchioles -2+ = smooth muscle layer after mucosa

Question 8

Explain Interleukin Stimulated Hyperplasia, Hyper-production of mucus, and Dyskinesia

Answer 8

Infection/Allergy/Smoking causes inflammation
t-lymphocytes release IL stimulating GOBLET Cells
Hyperplasia, Mucus overproduction, or Cila occurs