Histology Of Male Reproductive System Flashcards
The inner side of each testis surrounded by
Capsule of collagen type I (known as tunica albuginea).
Tunica albuginea thicken at which part
Posteriorly, called medidestinum
where dows the septa penetrate the testis
tunica albuginea
how many testicular lobule in one testis
250
each testicular lobule contain how much seminiferous tubles
1-4
What does the interstitial space of the seminiferous tubules contain
loose reticular CT, fibroblasts, mast cells, macrophages, and a type of cells called interstitial cells of Leydig
What cells secret testosterone
Leydig cells
How does leydig cells secret testosterone
By enzymes in ser & mitschondrid
What muscle cells found in seminiferous tubules
myoid cells
When does leydig cells get activated for the first time
Third & fourth months of pregnancy
When does legdig cells get activated the second time
Puberty
What kind of epithelium inside siminferous tubules
germinal or seminiferous epithelium
What differanare seminiferous epithelium of others
Contain cells of spermatocytogensis & serroli
What’s the first cell of spermanocytogensis
Spermanogonia
Discreab spermatogonia morphology
Oval with dark nucleus & 46 chromosomes
Spermaragonia will give a rise to
Spermanogenium A
Spermangonum morphology
Oval, pail with 46 chromosome
Spermanogonium A will divide to what
Spermanogonium a&b
Which cell divide to primary spermatocyt
Spermanogonium B
Primary spermatocyte morphology
Large, spherich, euchromatin with 46 chromosome
Spermanogenium B is oval
False, spherical
What’s the first cell to have 23 chromosome in spermatocylogensis
Secondary spermanocyles
When is the first miosis devotion
Secondary spermarocyte to spermanide
How does spermatid become sperms
Morphological changes
Define spermanocyrogensis
The whole process
Define spermatogensis
From in the spermatogonia until the spermatid stage, which have mitosis & miosis
Define spermiogensis
The temperature sensitive stage
Which stage of spermatocytogensis is temperature sensitive
Spermatids change into spermatozoa
What hormone helps spermatids change to spermatoza
Testosterone
Sertoli cells tissue
Tall columnar irregular epithelia)
sertoli cells inside structure
Ovoid or triangular euchromatic nuclear, prominent nucleolus, abundant ser some rer, developed Golgi complexes, numerous mitochondria, lysosomes
Sertoli cells function
Nourish thespermanogenic cells, divide the seminiferous tubules into two compartments& give metabolic & physical support to spermanogenic linage
Junctions between sertoli cells
Tight occluding & gap
Where are tight junctions found
BasOlateral membranes
What’s the tightest blood tissue barrier in mammals
Sertoli tight junction
Gap junction function
help regulate the transient changes in the occluding junctions and synchronize activities in the spermatogenic cells.
spermatocytes, spermatids, and developing sperm are connected to plasma proteins and nutrients
false, they’re isolated by the blood-testis barrier.
What does sertoli cells secret
Androgen binding protein, inhibit B & mallerian inhibiting substances
Androgen bindingprotein funaction
ConcentraTe testosterone to a level required for spermiogensis
Inhibin B effect
Feed back to anterior pituitary gland & suppress fsh synthesis and release
Mallerian inhibiting substances is found in
Male embryo
Name the intrAtesticular ducts
The straight tubules, the rete testis & efferent ducbules
Straight tubules lining
Simple cuboidal epithelium
When does sertoli cells begin to disappear
Beginning of straight tubules
Where is the rate testis found
Posteriorrly
How many efferent ductless
20
Efferent ductless lining
Non ciliated cubodial & taller columnar cilliated
Scalloped appearance
Efferen-ductules
How does the efferent ductless aid in sperm movement
1 -a thin layer of circular oriented smooth muscles
2- ciliary activity
Name the excretory ducts
Epididymis, ductus deferent & urethra
Epididymis tissue
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
Columnar principle cells
Epididymis
Characterstic of epididymis
Long stereocilia cells, small round stem cells & basal cells
Principle cells role in the epididymis
Remove water & residual bodies entering the epididymis& secrete various products
Epididymal ducts musculature
Thin circular Sm but have inner & outer longitudinal layers
In the tail
Ductus deferent lining
Pseudostratified columnar
Ductus deferens muscular
Inner, outer longitudinal & middle circular
Thin complex folds
Seminal vesicles
Seminal vesicles lining
Simple columnar or pseudostratified columnar
Seminal vesicles muscular
Outer longitudinal & inner circular
Seminal vesicles contain ____ fibers
Elastic
How many tubulacinar glands in the prostate
30-50
Prostate glands lining
Simple to pseudostracified columnar
Prostate fluid contain
Exosemes, glycoproteins, enzymes & small molecules
Where does ducts from individual glands empty
Prostatic urethra
Major zones of prostate
Peripheral, central & transition
Peripheral zone of prostate gland
70% of the organ’s tissue, contains the prostate’s main glands with the longest ducts into the prostatic urethra.
Central zone of prostate gland
25% of the gland’s tissue and contains the periurethral submucosal glands with somewhat shorter ducts.
Transition zone of prostate gland
5% of the prostate volume, contains the periurethral mucosal glands, and like the central zone surrounds only the superior portion of the urethr
What Hermons control prostate & seminal resides
Testosterone & androgen
Corpora amylaCea contain
primarily deposited glycoproteins and keratan sulfate
corpora amylacea _____ with age
Increase
Seminal vesicles secretion include
Fructose, prostaglandin & fibrinogen
What does elevated levels of circulating psa indicate
Abnormal glandular mucosa due to prostatic carcinoma
Where does bulboureohral glands empty
Penile ureohra
Bulbourethral glands lining
Simple columnar epithelium
Bulbourethral gland is_____ dependent
Testosterone
Bulbouretbra) funaction
During erection, the bulbourethral glands, as well as numerous, very small, and histologically similar urethral glands along the penile urethra, release a clear alkaline mucus-like secretion, which coats and lubricates the urethra in preparation for the imminent passage of sperm.
Penis cylindrical masses
Two corpora cavernous (dorsal) & one corpora spongiosum (ventral)
Penile urethra lining
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium, in the glans becomes stratified squamous
Central arteries at corpora cavernous branch to
Nutritive arterioles & small coiling helicine arteries
Hydrocele
An excessive accumulation of serous fluid in one or both sides of the scrotal sac, termed a hydrocele, is the most common cause of scrotal swelling and a condition easily corrected surgically.
Cryptorchidism
The failure of one or both testes to descend from the abdomen, occurs in about 4% of male neonates
Common features of poor semen
oligospermia (ejaculate volume >2 mL), sperm cell density less than 10-20 million/mL, abnormal sperm morphology, and flagellar defects that impair sperm motility.
Acute epididymis caused by gonorrhea
massive invasion by leukocytes into the infected duct, stimulating fibrosis that obstructs the epididymis
the most common cancer in nonsmoking men
Prostate gland,
