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BMR 607 Test 2 > Histology of Epithelium > Flashcards

Histology of Epithelium Flashcards

1
Q

EPITHELIUM

  • Covers ______ surfaces of the body like the skin
  • Lines ______ cavities and organs like the stomach
  • Forms _____ and glands like the mammary gland
  • Lines _____ like the sweat gland duct
A
  1. External
  2. Internal
  3. Organs
  4. Ducts
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2
Q

What features makes the inner ear epithelium
unique among epithelial surfaces?

A

It is the only epithelial surface with a vascular
supply; other epithelial surfaces are avascular

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3
Q

Can epithelium mitotic rate be high?

A

Yes, can have a high rate

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4
Q

What separates epithelium from underlying
tissue?

A

Basement membrane

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5
Q

Classify this type of epithelium

A

Simple squamous epithelium

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6
Q

Classify this type of epithelium:

A

Simple cuboidal epithelium

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7
Q

Classify this type of epithelium:

A

Simple Columnar epithelium

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8
Q

Classify this type of epithelium:

A

Pseudostratified epithelium

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9
Q

What type of stratified epithelium is shown?

A

Cuboidal

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10
Q

What type of stratified epithelium is shown?

A

Squamous

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11
Q

What type of stratified epithelium is shown?

A

Transitional

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12
Q

Epithelium composed of a single layer of thin flat cells is called?

A

Simple squamous epithelium

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13
Q

Epithelium composed of multiple layers of cells is called:

A

Stratified epithelium

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14
Q

A single cell layer of epithelium with nuclei at different heights on cross section is called?

A

Pseudostratified epithelium

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15
Q

A multilayered epithelium with large not flat cells on the surface is called:

A

Transitional epithelium

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16
Q

An epithelial cell which is as tall as it is wide is called?

A

Cuboidal epithelium

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17
Q

An epithelial cell which is taller than wide is
called:

A

Columnar epithelium

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18
Q

A multilayered epithelium with flat cells on the surface is called:

A

Stratified squamous epithelium

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19
Q

Name this type of epithelium:

A

Stratified squamous epithelium

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20
Q

Name this type of epithelium:

A

Simple cuboidal epithelium

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21
Q

Name this type of epithelium:

A

Columnar epithelium or simple columnar epithelium

(both are acceptable)

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22
Q

Name this type of epithelium:

A

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium (note the nuclei are at different heights)

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23
Q

Name this type of epithelium:

A

Transitional epithelium (note larger cells on top have more cytoplasm; the cells on top are not flat)

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24
Q

Name this type of single layer epithelium:

A

Simple squamous epithelium

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25
Q

An epithelial malignant tumor is called:

A

Carcinoma

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26
Q

A “ precancer ” change in epithelium is called:

A

Dysplasia

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27
Q

In the bladder of a patient, the transitional epithelium was replaced by stratified squamous epithelium. This change is called:

A

Metaplasia

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28
Q

The base of epithelial lining attaches to the:

A

Basement membrane

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29
Q

The basement membrane portion immediately adjacent to the epithelium called:

A

Basal lamina

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30
Q

The type of epithelium lining the outer surface of the lungs is:

A

Simple squamous epithelium

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31
Q

The epithelium lining the outer surface of the lungs is called:

A

Mesothelium

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32
Q

A brush border in cuboidal epithelium refers to which cell structures

A

Microvilli

33
Q

What is the role of microvilli structures?

A

To increase absorptive surface

34
Q

Name two structures which may be seen on simple columnar epithelial surfaces

A
  1. Microvilli
  2. Cilia
35
Q

Name two structures which may be seen on pseudostratified epithelial surfaces

A

Cilia and Stereocilia

36
Q

Name these structures?

What do they arise from?

A
  1. Cilia
  2. Basal Bodies
37
Q

Non motile cilia are called:

A

Stereocilia

38
Q

An example of where Stereocilia are located is:

A
  • Inner ear hair cells
  • Vas deferens
  • Epididymis
39
Q

What structures between epithelial cells do not allow movement of molecules between cells?

A

Zona occludens aka tight junctions

40
Q

What structure creates adhesions between cells?

A

Zona adherens aka adhering junctions

41
Q

What structure attaches epithelial cells to the basement membrane?

A

Hemidesmosomes

42
Q

What structure allows movement of molecules between epithelial cells?

A

Gap junctions

43
Q

What structure strongly attaches epithelial cell to epithelial cell?

A

Desmosomes

44
Q

Mesothelial cells have active transport of gases and fluids.

A

FALSE (they allow passive transport)

45
Q

Mesothelial cells reduce friction between
surfaces. TRUE or False?

A

True

46
Q

Mesothelioma is a malignant mesothelium proliferation. TRUE or FALSE

A

True

47
Q

The difference between epidermis squamous epithelium and squamous mucosa is:

A

The superficial anucleate layer in the epidermis is absent in mucosa.

48
Q

The pattern made by the superficial anucleate layer is often described as:

A

Basket weave pattern

49
Q

Name these

A

NSSE

Nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium (squamous mucosa)

50
Q

Name these?

A

Pseudostratified epithelium

51
Q

Name these?

A

Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

52
Q

Urothelium refers to what type of epithelium?

A

Transitional epithelium

53
Q

What are the surface cells called in urothelium ?

A

Umbrella cells

54
Q

Small bowel mucosa is what type of epithelium?

A

Simple columnar epithelium

55
Q

What two cell types are present in small bowel mucosa?

A

Absorptive cells

Goblet cells

56
Q

Respiratory mucosa is what type of epithelium?

A

Pseudostratified epithelium

57
Q

What two cell types are present in respiratory mucosa?

A

Ciliated cells

Goblet cells

58
Q

In this respiratory epithelium, name the two cell types.

A
  • A: Ciliated Epithelial Cell
  • B: Goblet Cell
59
Q

Name this epithelial type?

A

Simple columnar epithelium

60
Q

Name this epithelium

A

Pseudostratified epithelium

61
Q

Name the two types of glands

A

Exocrine and Endocrine

62
Q

Which of the two is attached to the surface by ducts

A

Exocrine

63
Q

Which type of gland has secretions that are expelled on a surface?

A

Exocrine

64
Q

Which type of gland has secretions which enter the capillaries?

A

Endrocrine

65
Q

Name the type of gland identified below in respiratory mucosa

A

Unicellular Exocrine gland

66
Q

Name the type of gland identified below in colon mucosa

A

Simple Exocrine Gland

67
Q

An exocrine gland with branching is classified as a:

A

Compound exocrine gland

68
Q

What are the three types of compound exocrine glands:

A
  1. Acinar glands
  2. Tubular glands
  3. Tubuloacinar glands
69
Q

A gland composed of a duct with acini is classified as:

A

Compound acinar gland

70
Q

A gland composed of duct with multiple tubules is classified as:

A

Compound tubular gland

71
Q

A gland composed of a duct with multiple acini and tubules is classified as:

A

Compound tubuloacinar gland

72
Q

Name the three types of secretions:

A

Merocrine

Apocrine

Holocrine

73
Q

Exocystosis corresponds to what type of secretion?

A

Merocrine secretion

74
Q

A decapitated cell fragment without cell death corresponds to what type of secretion?

A

Apocrine secretion

75
Q

Secretions composed of dead cells corresponds to what type of secretion?

A

Holocrine

76
Q

Endocrine glands can be classified by the number and grouping of cells. List the three types in the classification noted in the prior slide.

A 
1. Diffuse neuroendocrine system or individual
scattered cells (both acceptable)
2. Endocrine tissues
3. Endocrine organs or major endocrine organs
(both acceptable)
77
Q

The lighter staining cells in this image correspond to endocrine cells in the stomach. These cells correspond to the:

A

Diffuse neuroendocrine system (DNES)

78
Q

The pancreatic islet of Langerhans below corresponds to what type of endocrine gland?

A

Endocrine tissue

79
Q

List major endocrine organs.

A
  1. Pituitary gland
  2. Adrenal glands
  3. Thyroid gland
  4. Parathyroid glands

BMR 607 Test 2 (8 decks)

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