Circulation

Question 1

A young female with a history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) complains about sudden leg cramping and excessive warmth in the region behind her knee. You treat this as an emergency because you know that a blood clot that originates in the popliteal vein and breaks free into the circulation will most likely lodge into the vascular bed of the?

Answer 1

Lungs

Question 2

A 59-year-old diabetic woman with a history of atherosclerotic plaque presents with sudden onset, unilateral, painless vision loss. The ultimate diagnosis is central retinal artery occlusion. You recall from your gross anatomy course that the retina is supplied by an end (terminal) artery. Which of the following statements about terminal arteries is correct?

Answer 2

Their occlusion results in tissue necrosis

Question 3

A 44-year-old woman develops a lump in her right breast. What route does lymph from this region enter the venous circulation?

Answer 3

Right lymphatic duct

Question 4

50-year-old man is treated for deep lacerations around his shoulder as a result of a severe automobile accident. The suprascapular artery must be ligated during the wound repair. How is blood supply to the entire scapula maintained, despite ligation of this major artery?

Answer 4

End arteries supplying other regions of the shoulder

Question 5

What thick-walled, narrow-lumen vessels control filling of capillary beds and regulate arterial pressure of the vascular system?

Answer 5

Arterioles

Question 6

Basic path of blood in the body starting at Left Ventricle?

Answer 6

1. LV
2. Systemic Arteries
3. Systemic Capillary Beds
4. Systemic Veins
5. RA
6. RV
7. Pulmonary Arteries
8. Lungs
9. Pulmonary Veins
10. LA
11. LV

Question 7

Where is the tricuspid valve located?

Answer 7

Between Right atrium and right ventricle

Question 8

What valve lies between the left atrium and LV?

Answer 8

Mitral Valve

Question 9

Valve between LV and systemic arteries?

Answer 9

Aortic Valve

Question 10

Valve between RV and Pulmonary Arteries

Answer 10

Pulmonary Valve

Question 11

Outer connective tissue of arteries and veins?

Answer 11

Tunica adventitia

Question 12

Middle smooth muscle layer; most variable layer in thickness and amount of elastic fibers; controls arterial vasomotor tone (constriction/dilation)

Answer 12

Tunica media

Question 13

Inner lining of endothelial cells supported by delicate connective tissue

Answer 13

Tunica intima

Question 14

Describe the progression from venules to medium veins?

Answer 14

Venules drain capillaries, and join to form small veins, which empty into larger veins and unite to form venous plexuses.

Question 15

Three main arteries branch from arch of aorta?

Answer 15

• Brachiocephalic trunk - (Divides into right subclavian and right common carotid)
• Left common carotid artery - Supplies head and neck
  
  • Left subclavian artery - supplies upper limb

Question 16

Hypophyseal portal system

Answer 16

Drains blood from capillary beds at the base of the hypothalamus to a capillary plexus around the anterior pituitary gland.

Question 17

The most common acquired disease of the arteries that is
characterized by thickening and loss of elasticity of arterial walls.

Answer 17

Arteriosclerosis

Question 18

A common form of arteriosclerosis that is associated with buildup of fat and cholesterol in arterial walls.

Answer 18

Atherosclerosis

Question 19

Clot formed in a blood vessel or in a chamber of the heart that does not
move to another part of the body

Answer 19

Thrombus

Question 20

blood clot that detaches from its place of origin and travels in the bloodstream.

Answer 20

Embolus

Question 21

Infarct

Answer 21

Area of ischemic necrosis due to total occlusion of an artery (Infarction)

Question 22

Stenosis?

Answer 22

Partial occlusion or narrowing of an artery associated with tissue damage