Histology of epithelia

Question 1

Describe a simple epithelium

Answer 1

single layer of cells on a basement membrane

Question 2

Describe a stratified epithelium

Answer 2

two or more layers of cells on a basement membrane

Question 3

Describe a pseudostratified epithelium

Answer 3

looks like there is more than one layer of cells but there is only one layer

Question 4

Describe a simple squamous epithelium

Answer 4

a single layer of flattened cells on a basement membrane

Question 5

What type of epithelium lines the inside of blood vessels and what is its special name?

Answer 5

simple squamous epithelium

endothelium

Question 6

What type of epithlia lines the outside of the lungs? What is its special name?

Answer 6

simple squamous

mesothelium

Question 7

What type of epithlia is the peritoneum?

Answer 7

simple squamous

Question 8

What type of epithelium is a single layer of cells, as tall as they are wide, resting on a basement membrane?

Answer 8

simple cuboidal

Question 9

Describe the nuclei in the cells of a simple cuboidal epithelium

Answer 9

round and central

Question 10

What type of epithelium lines the kidney tubules?

Answer 10

simple cuboidal

Question 11

What type of epithelium lines small ducts?

Answer 11

simple cuboidal

Question 12

What type of epithelium lines the stomach, intestines and the uterus?

Answer 12

simple columnar

Question 13

What are microscopic motile projections on the luminal surface of a cell called?

Answer 13

cilia

Question 14

What type of epithelium has many layers of cells?

Answer 14

stratified

Question 15

Generally, where would you expect to find stratified epithelia?

Answer 15

areas that experience abrasive forces

Question 16

What type of epithelium lines the vagina?

Answer 16

stratified squamous non-keratinising

Question 17

What type of epithelium lines the mouth, orophraynx and oesophagus?

Answer 17

stratified squamous non-keratinising

Question 18

Where would you find stratified squamous keratinising epithelium?

Answer 18

the skin

Question 19

What important quality does the keratin of the skin provide?

Answer 19

waterproofing

Question 20

as skin cells mature and move away from the basement membrane, what accumulates in their cytoplasm?

Answer 20

keratin

Question 21

In a pseudo-stratified epithelium, what are all cells in contact with?

Answer 21

the basement membrane

Question 22

Where would you find pseudo-stratified epithelia?

Answer 22

the conducting airways

Question 23

How would you classify urothelium?

Answer 23

specialised stratified epithelium

Question 24

What type of cell forms a layer of the surface in urothelium?

Answer 24

umbrella cells

Question 25

What is urothelium somtimes called?

Answer 25

transitional epithelium

Question 26

What does urothelium line?

Answer 26

the collecting part of the urinary tract

Question 27

What stain can be used to see the basement membrane ?

Answer 27

PAS

Question 28

Name two of the extra cellular proteins that form the basement membrane

Answer 28

Collagen IV and fibronectin

Question 29

What is the other name for tight junctions?

Answer 29

occluding

Question 30

Describe tight junctions

Answer 30

band like fusions between cells

Question 31

Do tight junctions allow diffusion?

Answer 31

No

Question 32

What is the other name for occluding junctions?

Answer 32

tight junctions

Question 33

Which type of junction connect the cytoskeletons of adjacent cells?

Answer 33

desmosomes

Question 34

What are anchoring/adhering junctions also known as?

Answer 34

desmosomes

Question 35

Which junctions helps spread forces between cells?

Answer 35

desmosomes

Question 36

What is the other name for communicating junctions?

Answer 36

gap junctions

Question 37

What type of junction electrically couples adjacent cells?

Answer 37

gap junctions