Histology of CNS

Question 1

Afferent signals

Answer 1

Signals passing to the CNS

Question 2

Efferent signals

Answer 2

Signals passing away from the CNS

Question 3

Principal cell types on Nervous tissue

Answer 3

Astrocytes (CNS)
Microglia (CNS)
Oligodendrocytes(CNS)
Ependymal cells (CNS)
Schwann cells (PNS)
Capsular cells (PNS)

Question 4

Type of transport by which viruses are transported into the CNS

Answer 4

Retrograde transport by Dynein

Question 5

Types of Neurons

Based on shape

Answer 5

Multipolar
Bipolar
Pseudo unipolar

Question 6

Types of neurons based on projections

Answer 6

Sensory neurons
Interneurons
Motor neurons

Question 7

Examples of Multipolar neurons

Answer 7

Purkinje cells, pyramidal cells, interneurons

Question 8

Examples of Bipolar neurons

Answer 8

olfactory, retinal cells

Question 9

Examples of Pseudounipolar

Answer 9

sensory neurons

Question 10

Neurolemma

Answer 10

The outer most layer of the Schwann cell lamellae

Question 11

Most numerous cells in CNS

Answer 11

Astrocytes

Question 12

Characteristics of Astrocytes

Answer 12

Astrocytes form the Blood Brain Barrier with the help of the endothelial cells connected by tight junctions
Astrocytes are highly susceptible to the formation of neoplasms
Play a major role in electrolyte balance
Produce neurotrophic factors necessary for neuronal survival

Question 13

Produce nerve growth factors

Answer 13

Oligodendrocytes

Question 14

Layers of cerebrum

Answer 14

Molecular layer
Outer granular layer
Outer pyramidal layer
Inner granular layer
Inner pyramidal layer 
Polymorphic layer

Question 15

Layers of cerebellum

Answer 15

Molecular layer Purkinje layer

Granular layer

Question 16

What makes up the blood brain barrier?

Answer 16

Endothelium, Basement membrane, astrocytes

Question 17

What makes up the CSF barrier?

Answer 17

Endothelium, basement membrane and choroid cells

Question 18

Sites of proteins synthesis in neurons

Answer 18

Nissl Substances

Question 19

Components of a neuronal cytoskeleton

Answer 19

Neurofilament, microfilament and microtubule

Question 20

Which part of the cell body lacks Nissl substance?

Answer 20

Axon hillock

Question 21

Provide structural support for the neuron, and are

most numerous in the axon and the proximal parts of dendrites

Answer 21

Neurofilaments

Question 22

Form a matrix near the periphery of the neuron

Answer 22

Microfilaments

Question 23

Are found in all parts of the neuron, and are the cytoplasmic
organelles used in axonal transport

Answer 23

Microtubules

Question 24

Taper from the cell body and provide the major surface for synaptic
contacts with axons of other neurons

Answer 24

Dendrites

Question 25

Has a uniform diameter and may branch at right angles into

collaterals along the length of the axon

Answer 25

Axon

Question 26

Adjacent to the axon hillock, contains numerous voltage-sensitive sodium ion channels and where conduction of electrical activity
as an action potential is initiated

Answer 26

The initial segment

Question 27

Transported to synaptic terminals by slow anterograde transport

Answer 27

Cytoskeletal

proteins, enzymes, and precursors of small molecule neurotransmitters

Question 28

Unlike neurons, they readily divide and proliferate

Answer 28

Glial /Supporting Cells

Question 29

The most numerous glial cells in the CNS

Answer 29

Astrocytes

Question 30

Precursors of astrocytes

Answer 30

Radial glia

Question 31

Derived from bone marrow monocytes and enter the CNS after birth

Answer 31

Microglia cells

Question 32

The supporting cells of the peripheral nervous system (PNS)

Answer 32

Schwann cells