Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Histology Fall 2012 > Histology Blood 2 11.15.12 > Flashcards

Histology Blood 2 11.15.12 Flashcards

0
Q

What is extrameduallry hematopoieses

A

In times of severe blood loss when liver and slpeen carry out hematopoieese

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

What is Hematopoieis? Where does it begin as embryo? as adult? in severe blood loss?

A

process by which new mature blood cells are generated from precursors.

Embryonic life in YOLK SAC, LIVER, SPLEEN, BM

Adulthood- in BM. If severe blood loss, liver and spleen an carry out hematopoieses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Red marrow vs Yellow marrow.

A

Red-
high nuber of erythroid (red) cells
active in hematopoieses
the only type of marrow fournd in human bones until adolescence

Yellow marrow
inactive in hematopoieis
high fat (yellow) content

Demand for renewal of RBC population (anemia , illness, hemorrhage, conversts yellow marrow back to red marrow and resutls in inc in hemato

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What two series does the comon ancestral cell (totipotential hetopoietic stem cells or CFU) give rise to?

A

Myeloid or Lymphoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the Myeloid originated cells? (5)

A 
Erythorcytes (RBC)
Granulocytes
Mnocytes
Megakaryocytes
Mast Cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are from Lymphoid origin?

A

T and B lymphocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are teh two compartments prsent in BM?

A

Hematopoietic compartment-

and vascular compartment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is in the Hematopoietic compartment?

A

iwll reticular (sromal) cells, fat deposits, and reticular fibers that support hematopoietic cords (grous of newly-forming blood cells, with ceach clump of cells being daughter cells iwth common ancestory)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the the Vascular Compartment of BM

A

contains branches of large nutrient arteries that peirce cortical bone, giving out small arteries to bone Haverisan systems before enteing marrow cavity

Endothelial cells have MIGEATION PORES thorugh which newly formed mature blood cells int he marrow cavity undergo DIAPEDSIS, which si a revptor mediated crossing of the endotheliu and enthering peripheral ciruclation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is in the BM spread?

A

mostly RBC (periphery)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the order of RBC development?

A

PBPORE

(Hemocytoblaast)
(Erythroblast stem cell)
Proerythroblst
Basophilic Erythroblast
Polychromatic Erythroblast
Orthochromatic Erythroblast (Normoblast)
Reticulocyte
Erythrocytes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

HEmoglobin and RNA relation during RBC maturation

A

RNA decreases while Hb increses as cells mature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is Basophilic erythroblast?

A

cell is ame size or smaller than hemocytoblast and is the most basophilic marrow cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Polychromatophilic Erythroblst

A

characteristic “Checkerboard” arrangmented of clumped chromatin in its nucleus

cytoplasm has gray color

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Orthocrhromatic eyrthoblast (normoblast)

A

highly condensed nucleus

acidophlic staining refelcts incresed amt of Hb in teh cytoplasm

Cytopslam is similar in color to mature RBCs
First stem cell incapable ofmitosis
Nucleus is ejeted durign thsi stage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Reticulocyte

A

has small residual ribosomal RNA.

Slighlty larger than RBCs, retics can only be idenfieifed with a special stain (stains blue)
about 2% of circulating RBCs are reticulocytes. Sudden demand fro ne RBCs, in hemorrhage for example ,will lead to an incrase in teh number of retics in peripheral blood

16
Q

What are the two important functions in STem Cells

A
  1. REPRODUCTION - to maintain their small, constant population
  2. DIFFERENTATION- to give rise to two lines of committed daughter cells
    - a) colony forming units (CFU) of granulytes, RBC, monocytes and megakaryocytes
    b) lymphoid stem cells
17
Q

Hematopoietic Compartment

A

contains reticular (stromal) cells, fat deposits, and reticular fibers that serve as a supprot for HEMATOPOEITIC CORDS (groups of newly-forming blood cells , with each clump of cells being daugher cell witha common ancestry

18
Q

What is the first RBC maturing cell that is incapable of mitosis>

A

Orthochromatophilic erythroblast (normoblast); during this stage, nuclues is ejected

19
Q

What is blood and where is it dervied?

A

It is a specialized CT and therefore, ultimately derived from MESENCHYAL TISSUE

20
Q

Where si the BM usually located

A

primarily in the large spacaes within long bones

Marrow-rich areas are the PUBIC bone, Sternum, FEMUR< and TIBIA

21
Q

What part of erythropoiesies responds to erythropoieitin

A

Intermediate Erythroid Stem Cellqwha

22
Q

what is the first cell in RBC development that is incapapble of mitosis

A

Orthocromatophillic Erythroblast

23
Q

What organ releases Erythropoietin

A

Rleased by the O2 sensor, KIDNEY

24
Q

when is Erythropoiitin released?

A

for production of new RBCs to replaces worn out cells or in repsonse to
high altitudes
anemia
**TISSUE HYPOXIA

Hb precursors, coenzymes, and theri precursors (Vit B12, ascorbic acid, IF) are needed for productino of RBCs

25
Q

HOw long is the entire process of Erythropoieisis?

A

7 days

26
Q

What organ doe old RBCs go to?

A

old RBCs lose elasticity; they squeense through openings in the walls of sinusoids in teh SPLEEN and if not elastic enough, they RUPTURE and their remains are phagocytized by splenic Macrophages

27
Q

Do Mature T and B cells retain ability to divid after entering circulation?

A

YES!

28
Q

What is the committed stem cell step of THrombopoiesis

A

Hemocytoblast`

29
Q

Megakaryocyte characteristics

A

giant cell, 30-100 um in diamter, with multilobulated nucleus, during differentiation, nucleus divides mitotically many times, but ehre si no ytoplamsic division,

30
Q

Where would you find megakaryocytes? Platelets?

A

Megakaryocytes- in bone marrow

Platelets- in peripheral blood

Mature platelets- not present in BM b/c they form in peripheral blood

31
Q

What is the first cell in mylocytes that is unable to undergo mitosis?

A

Metamyelocyte

32
Q

Myeloproliferative vs Lymphoproliferative disease

A

Myeloproliferative- precursor cells of myelod line lose capacity to differentiate –> immature precursors accumulate in BM first, spilling over into peripheral blood

Lymphoproliferative disease–> abnoramlly large number of immature and/or abnoral monocyte sor lymhocytes

Histology Fall 2012 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions