Histology

Question 1

Layers of the GI tract wall

Answer 1

mucosa - epithelium, lamina propria, muscularis mucosae
submucosa
muscularis externa
serosa/adventitia

Question 2

GALT

Answer 2

located in the lamina propria

gut associated lymphoid tissue

Question 3

Submucous plexus

Answer 3

part of the ENS

located in the submucosa

Question 4

Myenteric plexus

Answer 4

part of the ENS
located in the muscularis externa
between the two muscular layers

Question 5

Epithelium of the oral cavity, oropharynx, laryngopharynx and tongue

Answer 5

stratified squamous epithelium

Question 6

Epithelium of the nasal cavity and nasopharynx

Answer 6

respiratory epithelium

Question 7

Papillae have no taste buds

Answer 7

filiform

Question 8

4 tonsils

Answer 8

pharyngeal
palatine
lingual
tubal

Question 9

Change in epithelium at the gastro oesophageal junction

Answer 9

stratified squamous epithelium to simple columnar epithelium

Question 10

structure of the stomach mucosa

Answer 10

gastric pits and gastric glands

Question 11

Parietal cells function

Answer 11

secrete HCl

Question 12

Chief cells function

Answer 12

secrete digestive enzymes - pepsinogen

Question 13

Stem cell function

Answer 13

make more cells

Question 14

Enteroendocrine cells function

Answer 14

produce hormones to control secretions and motility

Question 15

Gastroduodenal junction

Answer 15

pyloric sphincter

Question 16

Small intestine mucosa structure

Answer 16

villi and crypts of Lieberkuhn

Question 17

Enterocytes

Answer 17

absorptive cells

Question 18

Goblet cells

Answer 18

produce mucus

Question 19

Paneth cells

Answer 19

produce antibacterial products

Question 20

D cells

Answer 20

secrete somatostatin

Question 21

G cells

Answer 21

secrete gastrin

Question 22

Plicae circularis

Answer 22

have tallest villi

in jejunim

Question 23

Peyer’s patches

Answer 23

GALT

in mucosa ans submucosa of the ileum

Question 24

Brunner’s glands

Answer 24

secretes alkaline mucus

duodenum

Question 25

Large intestine mucosa structure

Answer 25

crypts no villi

Question 26

2 main cell types of the large intestine

Answer 26

enterocytes and goblet cells

Question 27

Taeniae coli

Answer 27

3 strips of outer longitudinal muscle

Question 28

Centre of a liver lobule

Answer 28

central vein

Question 29

corners of the liver lobule

Answer 29

portal triad

Question 30

Main cells of the liver

Answer 30

hepatocytes

Question 31

Sinusoids

Answer 31

gaps between hepatocytes that blood flows through

Question 32

Kupffer cells

Answer 32

macrophages in the sinusoids

Question 33

Perisinusoidal space

Answer 33

space of disse between hepatocytes and sinusoid hepatic stellate cells found in space

Question 34

Blood vessels supplying/draining the liver

Answer 34

hepatic artery artery portal vein hepatic vein

Question 35

Opening at the hilum of the liver

Answer 35

porta hepatis

Question 36

Vessels of a portal triad

Answer 36

hepatic artery portal vein bile duct

Question 37

Cells that produce bile

Answer 37

hepatocytes

Question 38

Bile function

Answer 38

emulsification of fats

Question 39

Gallbladder function

Answer 39

storage and concentration of bile

Question 40

Nerve stimulates contraction of the gallbladder

Answer 40

vagus

Question 41

hormone stimulates contraction of the gallbladder

Answer 41

cholecystokinin

Question 42

Function of the exocrine pancreas

Answer 42

produce digestive pancreatic enzyme

Question 43

Secretory/functional cells of the pancreas

Answer 43

acinar cells

Question 44

Zymogen granules

Answer 44

organelle responsible for sorting, packaging and regulation of secretion of digestive enzymes

Question 45

Enterochromaffin like cells

Answer 45

secrete histamine