Histology Flashcards
What are the results of Complement Cascade?
1- activation MAC on pathogen
2- production of opsonin
3- release of chemokines
What is the significance of HEVs?
they serve as ports of entry for circulating differentiated lymphocytes to seed lymph node
What is the source of thymosin?
epithelial reticular cells of the cortex of thymus (from lobule)
What is the role of epithelial barrier surrounding blood vessels?
allows thymus to maintain lymphopoiesis (while segregated from antigens)
What is the role of Hassal’s corpuscles?
produce cytokine thymic stronmal lymphopoeitin (which stimulates thymic dendritic cells needed to maturation of single-positive T cells)
Describe PALs, and their location.
Periarterial Lymphatic Sheath
- encircles splenic arteries
- found in white pulp of spleen
What are the 3 components of blood-air barrier?
1- thin capillary endothelium
2- thin epithelium of pneumocytes
3- intervening basal lamina
What are the components of juxtaglomerular apparatus?
1- macula densa
2- extraglomerular mesengial cells
3- juxtaglomerular cells
What are the structures derived from the epithelial bud?
1- enamel
2- dental papilla
3- dental sac (follicle)
What is dental lamina?
Internal limb of teeth
What is sulcus terminalis?
Separates anterior 2/3 of upper oral portion from posterior 1/3
What are the regions of the stomach?
1- cardia
2- fundus
3- body
4- pylorus
List the major structural features that INCREASE surface area for absorption in GI tract
1- length of small/large intestine
2- plicae circulares (Valves of Kerckring)
3- villi
4- microvilli
Where does carbohydrate digestion begin?
mouth
What is the role of amylase?
(secreted by pancreas)
hydrolyze starch
- to form disaccharides
