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MD 1 Histology (MCQ) > Histology 3 - Muscle and Bone > Flashcards

Histology 3 - Muscle and Bone Flashcards

1
Q

Activity of Skeletal Muscle

A

Strong, quick, discontinuous voluntary contraction

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2
Q

Activity of Cardiac Muscle

A

Strong, quick, continuous involuntary contraction

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3
Q

Activity of Smooth Muscle

A

Weak, slow, involuntary contraction

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4
Q

Structure of Skeletal Muscle

A
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5
Q

Components of Skeletal Muscle

A
  • Actin filament and myosin filament → Sarcomere → Myofibril (tandem repeat of sarcomeres → Muscle fiber (muscle cell) → Fascicle (bundle of muscle cells) → Muscle
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6
Q

Properties of Skeletal Muscle Cell (3)

A
  • Exerts, strong, quick, discontinous voluntary contraction
  • Long, cylindrical, multinucleated
  • Able to regnerate, due to surrounding satellite cells
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7
Q

Muscle Fiber Type 1

A
  • Red fiber (slow twitch)
  • Slow, continous contraction
  • Abundant in myoglobin (carry O2)
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8
Q

Muscle Fiber Type 2

A
  • White Fiber (Fast twitch)
  • Rapid, discontinous contraction
  • Fueled by glycolysis
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9
Q

Perimysium

A

Connective tissue sheath surrounding fascicles

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10
Q

Epimysium

A

Connective tissue sheath covering muscle

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11
Q

Endomysium

A

Connective tissue sheath that wraps around individual muscle fiber

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12
Q

Identifying Skeletal Muscle

A
  • Peripherally located oval nuclei
  • Multi-nucleated
  • Cytoplasm >>>> Nucleus
  • Cross-striation
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13
Q

Identify the cell type:

A

Skeletal Muscle (Longitudinal view)

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14
Q

Identify the cell type:

A

Skeletal Muscle (Cross-Section)

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15
Q

Properties of Cardiac Muscle Cell

A
  • Exerts vigorous, rhythmic, quick, continuous, involuntary contraction
  • Composed of elongated, branched, individual (mono-nuclear) cells
  • Cross-striated
  • Arranged in layers
  • Incapable of regeneration
  • Interacalated discs are located at sites of cell-to-cell contact
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16
Q

Intercalated Disc

A

Junctional complex between cardiac muscle cells

17
Q

Transverse portion of intercalated disc:

A
  • Runs perpendicular to myofibril
  • Is strongly anchored through adherens junction and desmosome
18
Q

Lateral portion of intercalated disc:

A
  • Runs parallel to myofibril
  • Gap junctions provide rapid spread of contractile stimuli
19
Q

Identification of Cardiac Muscle

A
  • Striation and intercalated discs
  • Branching pattern
  • Centrally located, large, oval, nuclei (one per cell)
  • Rich capillary network surrounding cardiac muscle cell
20
Q

Identify the type of muscle cell:

A

Cardiac Muscle Cell (Longitudinal)

21
Q

Identify the type of muscle cell:

A

Cardiac Muscle cell (Cross-section)

22
Q

Characteristics of Smooth Muscle Cells (6)

A
  • Located in walls of blood vessel, GI tract, uterus, respiratory tract, small bundles in dermis
  • Collections of non-striated, fusiform cells; tightly packed
  • one central oval nucleus per cell
  • Synthesizes collagen, elastin, proteoglycans
  • Cells retain mitotic capability (able to regenerate)
23
Q

Identification of Smooth Muscle

A
  • Tightly packed cells
  • No cross-striation
  • Central nuclei
  • Cells appear to have different diameters
24
Q

Identify the type of muscle cell:

A

Skeletal Muscle

25
Q

Identify the type of muscle cell:

A

Cardiac Myocyte

26
Q

Identify the type of muscle cell:

A

Smooth Muscle

27
Q

Identify the type of muscle cell:

A

Cardiac Myocyte

28
Q

Identify the type of muscle cell:

A

Smooth Muscle

29
Q

Identify the type of muscle cell:

A

Skeletal Muscle

30
Q

Basic Structure of Long Bone

31
Q

Osteoblasts

A
  • Derived from osteoprogenitor (stem) cells
  • Actively secrete components of inital bone matrix (osteoid)
  • Located as a layer on the surface of developint bones
32
Q

Osteocytes

A
  • Differentiate from osteoblasts when enclosed in bone matrix
  • Located in lacuna
  • Slow secretion to maintain bone matrix
  • Connected through dendrites
33
Q

Osteoclasts

A
  • Derived from fusion of blood monocytes
  • Loarge, multi-nucleated
  • Erode bone matrix for remodeling
  • Release Ca2+
34
Q

Identify the bone cell types:

35
Q

Identify the bone cell types:

36
Q

Identify the type of muscle cell:

A

Skeletal Muscle

MD 1 Histology (MCQ) (4 decks)

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