Histology

Question 0

Which are the 2 apical specialisations possible in simple columnar epithelia?

Answer 0

Cilia and microvilli

Question 1

Goblet cells are an example of which kind of epithelia?

Answer 1

Simple columnar

Question 2

Parakeratotic stratified squamous epithelia is found in which kinds of animals only?

Answer 2

Ruminants

Question 3

Which type of epithelia is best for resisting mechanical damage?

Answer 3

Stratified squamous

Question 4

Which type of epithelia is able to stretch?

Answer 4

Transitional

Question 5

What are the two types of secretion for exocrine glands?

Answer 5

Tubular units, mucous cells

Alveolar units, serous cells

Question 6

Which type of gland has brown nuclei and serous demilunes?

Answer 6

Alveolar serous

Question 7

Which are the thyroid hormones?

Answer 7

T3 and T4

Question 8

Where is TGB made?

Answer 8

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 9

Why do some skeletal muscle fibres have many nuclei?

Answer 9

Cells aggregate together to form one larger cell

Question 10

Which animals have nucleated red blood cells?

Answer 10

Birds, fish, reptiles

Question 11

What is the definition of mesenchyme?

Answer 11

Loose connective tissue

Question 12

Ordinary connective tissue provides which 3 types of support?

Answer 12

Metabolic
Defence
Mechanical

Question 13

What stain is required to view reticular fibres?

Answer 13

Silver

Question 14

What does GAG stand for?

Answer 14

Glycosaminoglycans

Question 15

What are the three types of cartilage?

Answer 15

Hyaline cartilage
Fibrocartilage
Elastic cartilage

Question 16

What are the two cell types in cartilage and what do they do?

Answer 16

Chondroblasts secrete matrix

Chondrocytes are embedded in the matrix

Question 17

What is a fibroblast?

Answer 17

A type of cell that synthesizes extracellular matrix and collagen, and plays a critical role in wound healing. Most common cell of connective tissue

Question 18

What are the 3 functions of the basement membrane?

Answer 18

1. Cell adhesion
2. Diffusion barrier
3. Regulation of cell growth

Question 19

Where are osteocytes found in bones?

Answer 19

Within lacunae

Question 20

What is the function of osteoblasts?

Answer 20

Secrete bone matrix (osteoid)

Question 21

What is the function of osteocytes?

Answer 21

Maintain the bone tissue

Question 22

What is the function of osteoclasts?

Answer 22

Type of macrophage. Destroy bone matrix by secreting acids to dissolve calcium deposits.

Question 23

What are the two types of ossification?

Answer 23

Endochondral- long bones

Intramembranous- flat bones

Question 24

What name is given to the response produced by each of T cells and B cells?

Answer 24

T cells= cell-mediated response (physical contact with antigens)
B cells= humoral response (mediated by antibodies)

Question 25

Where do B cells and T cells mature?

Answer 25

B cells: bone marrow

T cells: thymus

Question 26

What are the 3 types of compound gland?

Answer 26

Tubular
Alveolar
Mixed

Question 27

Out of endo and exocrine glands, which have ducts?

Answer 27

Exocrine glands have duct systems going directly to the desired site
Endocrine glands are ductless, and secrete their products into the blood to be carried to target organs

Question 28

Where are osteoblasts found in the bone?

Answer 28

Periosteum (fibrous layer surrounding the outside of the bone) and endosteum (cellular layer lining the bone cavity)

Question 29

Does periosteum cover the entire outer surface of the bone?

Answer 29

Yes except for articular surfaces

Question 30

What does periosteum contain?

Answer 30

Blood vessels and nerves

Question 31

How do blood vessels and nerves enter the medullary cavity in bones?

Answer 31

Through the nutrient foramen