histology

Question 1

ovary function

Answer 1

produce gametes and steroids (oestrogens and progesterones)

Question 2

surface of ovary made of

Answer 2

simple squamous/cuboidal epithelium

Question 3

what’s under the surface of the ovary

Answer 3

dense connective tissue- tunica albuginea

germinal epithelium

Question 4

what’s under the tunica albuginea

Answer 4

ovarian follicles—structures that contain the oocytes— are here

Question 5

what’s in the medulla of ovary

Answer 5

vascular in loose connective tissue

Question 6

what is oogonia and what do they form

Answer 6

week 6 germ cells from yolk sac invade the ovaries and proliferate by mitosis

mature oocytes/ova

Question 7

Folliculogenesis

Answer 7

is growth of the follicle, which consists of the oocyte and any associated support cells.

Question 8

how do follicular cells form

Answer 8

oogonia are surrounded by stromal cells. Some become flattened and surround an oocyte which form the follicle

Question 9

what is a primordial follicle and when is it formed

Answer 9

primary oocyte covered by a single layer of flattened follicular cells

week 10

Question 10

granulosa cells

Answer 10

follicular cells undergo mitotic division and make lots of layers around the primary oocyte - acts as nutrition supply

Question 11

what are theca interna and theca externa

Answer 11

theca interna make oestrogen precurcers which are converted to oestrogen by granulosa cells

outer layers theca extrna

Question 12

secondary follicle

Answer 12

space called antrum filled with follicular fluid becomes bigger and forms secondary follicle

Question 13

largest follicle called

Answer 13

graafian follicle

Question 14

what does follicle form after ovulation

Answer 14

corpus luteum then corpus albicans if no implantation occurs

if implantation then placenta makes HCG which keeps corpus luteum (for 4 months of pregnancy) as it makes progesterone but after this placenta able to make it so don’t need

Question 15

how does fertilisation occur

Answer 15

peristalisis from muscles in fallopian tubes pushes ovum to ampulla

Question 16

uterine wall is made up of

Answer 16

inner endometrium (secretory)

myometrium (smooth muscle, collagen and elastic tissue) and outer perimetrium

Question 17

endometrium layers

Answer 17

Stratum Functionalis which undergoes monthly growth, degeneration and loss.

Stratum Basalis deep- lamina propria and tips of uterine glands
remain the same

Question 18

secretory/ luteal phase of menstruation

Answer 18

from progesterone from the corpus luteum and secrete glycogen

glands become coiled and endometrium becomes thickest

Question 19

menstrual phase

Answer 19

arterioles in the stratum functionalis constrict, depriving the tissue of blood and causing ischemia, with resultant tissue breakdown, leakage of blood and tissue sloughing.

Question 20

cervix, glands and nabothian cysts

Answer 20

endocervical glands secrete thin fluid which allows sperm during ovulation and after it’s thick

when become blocked then nabothian cyst

Question 21

vagina layers outer to innermost

Answer 21

Non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium.

Lamina propria

Fibromuscular layer

Adventitia.

Question 22

how does vagina protect itself

Answer 22

commensal bacteria make lactic acid from glycogen