histology Flashcards
ovary function
produce gametes and steroids (oestrogens and progesterones)
surface of ovary made of
simple squamous/cuboidal epithelium
what’s under the surface of the ovary
dense connective tissue- tunica albuginea
germinal epithelium
what’s under the tunica albuginea
ovarian follicles—structures that contain the oocytes— are here
what’s in the medulla of ovary
vascular in loose connective tissue
what is oogonia and what do they form
week 6 germ cells from yolk sac invade the ovaries and proliferate by mitosis
mature oocytes/ova
Folliculogenesis
is growth of the follicle, which consists of the oocyte and any associated support cells.
how do follicular cells form
oogonia are surrounded by stromal cells. Some become flattened and surround an oocyte which form the follicle
what is a primordial follicle and when is it formed
primary oocyte covered by a single layer of flattened follicular cells
week 10
granulosa cells
follicular cells undergo mitotic division and make lots of layers around the primary oocyte - acts as nutrition supply
what are theca interna and theca externa
theca interna make oestrogen precurcers which are converted to oestrogen by granulosa cells
outer layers theca extrna
secondary follicle
space called antrum filled with follicular fluid becomes bigger and forms secondary follicle
largest follicle called
graafian follicle
what does follicle form after ovulation
corpus luteum then corpus albicans if no implantation occurs
if implantation then placenta makes HCG which keeps corpus luteum (for 4 months of pregnancy) as it makes progesterone but after this placenta able to make it so don’t need
how does fertilisation occur
peristalisis from muscles in fallopian tubes pushes ovum to ampulla
uterine wall is made up of
inner endometrium (secretory)
myometrium (smooth muscle, collagen and elastic tissue) and outer perimetrium
endometrium layers
Stratum Functionalis which undergoes monthly growth, degeneration and loss.
Stratum Basalis deep- lamina propria and tips of uterine glands
remain the same
secretory/ luteal phase of menstruation
from progesterone from the corpus luteum and secrete glycogen
glands become coiled and endometrium becomes thickest
menstrual phase
arterioles in the stratum functionalis constrict, depriving the tissue of blood and causing ischemia, with resultant tissue breakdown, leakage of blood and tissue sloughing.
cervix, glands and nabothian cysts
endocervical glands secrete thin fluid which allows sperm during ovulation and after it’s thick
when become blocked then nabothian cyst
vagina layers outer to innermost
Non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium.
Lamina propria
Fibromuscular layer
Adventitia.
how does vagina protect itself
commensal bacteria make lactic acid from glycogen
