Histo Lec: M11 - Cardiovascular System Flashcards
muscular, four-chambered system that is responsible for pumping blood through the vascular network.
Heart
the heart’s location?
within the thoracic cavity in a region known as the mediastinum.
Fundamental components of the cardiovascular system, responsible for the dynamic transportation of matter and blood products to every cell in the body
Blood vessels
Histology of the Heart? The heart is mainly composed of what?
composed of cardiomyocytes and connective tissue. Dense connective tissue with elastic fibers is present in the cardiac/fibrous skeleton
Pericardium is divided into?
Superficial fibrous layer and deeper serous layer
Layer in the pericardium that is composed of fibrous connective tissue.
Fibrous layer
The serous layer further divides into?
Outer layer inseparable from the fibrous pericardium and inner layer overlying the myocardium.
Makes up a large part of the cardiac wall.
Myocardium
Myocardium is made up of what layers?
Cardiomyocytes
consists of a single layer of endothelial cells lining the chambers of the heart.
Endocardium
Sinoatrial node is composed of what cells?
Nodal (P) cells and transitional (T) cells
What part of the heart branches from the atrioventricular nodes, can be located within the epicardium.
Purkinje fibers
The heart valve is composed of what layers?
spongiosa, fibrosa, and ventricularis
Heart valve found on the atrial side of atrioventricular valves or the arterial side of semilunar valves.
Spongiosa
Heart valve that is an extension of the cardiac skeleton, contains dense irregular connective tissue
Fibrosa
Heart valve located on the ventricular side of the valve, has elastic fibers and an endothelial lining.
Ventricularis
In the AV valves, branches of the ventricularis form the ________?
Chordae tendineae
The chordae tendineae is predominantly made up of?
Dense regular connective tissue, along with collagen elastic fibers.
the outermost layer of the vessel wall
tunica externa, or tunica adventitia
Blood vessel structure responsible for vessel integrity and resisting physical wall strain
Tunica externa
is the middle layer of the vessel wall
Tunica media
Structure of blood vessel is generally thicker on the arterial side of the vascular system and contains transversely arranged smooth muscle cells that are capable of changing the caliber of the vessel lumen
Tunica media
Innermost layer of the vessel wall that has exposure to, and interacts with, the contents of the lumen. It is primarily defined by a single layer of simple squamous endothelial cells that is the innermost layer of any vessel
Tunica intima
