Histo: Breast Flashcards
Duct Ectasia
- inflammation and dilatation of breast ducts, presents with nipple discharge
○ Inflammation, proteinaceous material, benign + no risk of malignancy
Fibroadenoma
benign, mobile lump, multinodular composed of expanded intralobular stroma, compressed ‘slit like’ ducts, branching sheets of epithelium
Fibrocystic
hormone responsive, lumpiness, ⅓ of premenopausal women, can be cysts, apocrine metaplasia, adenosis, epithelial hyperplasia and stromal hyperplasia
○ No increased risk of malignancy
Radial Scar
‘benign sclerosing lesion characterised by a central zone of scarring surrounded by a radiating zone of proliferating glandular tissue’
○ Stellate mass on mammogram (resembles carcinoma), central elastotic nidus surrounded by proliferative corona
Mastitis
red breast, lactating, cracked skin - continue expressing + antibiotics
Duct Papilloma
nipple discharge or mass, 40-60, papillary, excision of involved duct is curative
Fat Necrosis
breast lump, may be firm, Hx of breast trauma
Phyllodes Tumour
enlarging fibroepithelial mass in woman >50, potentially aggressive, can arise with pre existing fibroadenoma
○ ‘Proliferation of fibroepithelium and stromal tissue’
DCIS
neoplastic, 85% found on mammography, ducts with atypical epithelial cells
○ Most common so pick this if in doubt
○ Staged into low, intermediate, and high grade
Invasive Breast Carcinoma
- oestrogen factors, 5% inherited, firm breast mass, atypical epithelial cells
○ Low grade - ER, PR positive and Her2 non amplified
○ High grade - ER, PR negative and Her2 amplified
○ Invasive ductal carcinoma - nipple retraction
○ Invasive lobular - loss of E-cadherin
Gynaecomastia
benign enlargement of male breast around puberty or over 50, idiopathic or associated with drugs
Normal Breast
○ Branching ducts end in terminal duct lobular units
○ Ductal lobular system lined by inner glandular epithelium and outer myoepithelium
