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Histo 3 Flashcards

1
Q
  1. Which of these dyes are classified as synthetic in nature?
    a. Orcein
    b. Hematoxylin
    c. Eosin
    d. Carmine
A

c. Eosin

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2
Q
  1. Which of the following is a component of Ziehl Neelsen Method staining technique stains the acid fast bacilli?
    a. Gentian violet
    b. Methylene blue
    c. Carbol fuchsin
    d. Safranin
A

c. Carbol fuchsin

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3
Q
  1. In H&E staining technique, the eosin is primarily used as ______.
    a. Primary stain
    b. Mordant
    c. Differentiator
    d. Secondary stain
A

d. Secondary stain

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4
Q
  1. The process in the preparation of microscopic tissue slide that follows clearing.
    a. Fixation
    b. Dehydration
    c. Embedding
    d. Impregnation
A

d. Impregnation

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5
Q
  1. The volume of the impregnating medium should not be less than _____ the volume of the tissue.
    a. 10
    b. 15
    c. 20
    d. 25
A

d. 25

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6
Q
  1. This method is preferred when whole eye sections is required.
    a. Dry celloidin method
    b. Wet celloidin method
    c. Gelatin impregnation
    d. Nitrocellulose method
A

a. Dry celloidin method

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7
Q
  1. These are cervico-vaginal cells that mimics the appearance of honeycomb.
    a. Parabasal cells
    b. Endometrial cells
    c. Endocervical glandular cells
    d. Pregnancy cells
A

c. Endocervical glandular cells

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8
Q
  1. This is considered as the most widely used autopsy technique.
    a. Ghon
    b. Virchow
    c. Rokitansky
    d. Letulle
A

b. Virchow

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9
Q
  1. This animal is primarily used for the preparation of polyclonal antibody.
    a. Rabbit
    b. Horse
    c. Pig
    d. Mice
A

a. Rabbit

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10
Q
  1. Prolonged exposure to benzene may lead to which of the following?
    a. Leukemia
    b. Aplastic anemia
    c. Cancer
    d. Abortion
A

b. Aplastic anemia

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11
Q
  1. Silver impregnation technique is useful for the demonstration of which of the following?
    a. Spirochete
    b. Acid Fast Bacilli
    c. Glycogen
    d. Hemosiderin granules
A

a. Spirochete

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12
Q
  1. Deparaffinization process is achieved through which of the following solutions?
    a. Alcohol
    b. Xylene
    c. Ammonia water
    d. Acetone
A

b. Xylene

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13
Q
  1. While cutting sections, you have noticed that tissues are cut alternatively thick and thin. Which of the following may cause this?
    a. Tilt of knife is too great
    b. Wax is too hard
    c. Knife is dirty
    d. All of the choices
A

a. Tilt of knife is too great

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14
Q
  1. When stained with Masson Fontana, melanin will yield what color if positive?
    a. Blue
    b. Red
    c. Brown
    d. Black
A

d. Black

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15
Q
  1. Which of the following is an alternative for xylol?
    a. Chloroform
    b. Ethanol
    c. Acetone
    d. Isopropyl alcohol
A

a. Chloroform

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16
Q
  1. A dye which stains the tissue component differently from its original color is known as ________.
    a. Monochromatic stain
    b. Orthochromatic stain
    c. Metachromatic stain
    d. Any of the choices
A

c. Metachromatic stain

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17
Q
  1. Which of the following does not belong to the group?
    a. 10% formol saline
    b. Newcomer’s fluid
    c. Carnoy’s fluid
    d. Flemming’s solution
A

a. 10% formol saline

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18
Q
  1. What is the purpose of iodine when using Zenker’s solution?
    a. Counterstain
    b. Intensify the coloring
    c. Decolorize the tissue
    d. Remove mercuric oxide
A

d. Remove mercuric oxide

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19
Q
  1. When checking for complete decalcification, which of the following is not used?
    a. Physical and/or mechanical test
    b. Adsorption test
    c. Radiologic technique
    d. Chemical test
A

b. Adsorption test

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20
Q
  1. All are dehydrating agent except for ___________.
    a. Dioxane
    b. Alcohol
    c. Acetone
    d. Xylene
A

d. Xylene

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21
Q
  1. What is the best stain to use for the identification of reticulin fibers?
    a. H&E stain
    b. Weigert’s Elastic stain
    c. Gomori’s stain
    d. None of the choices
A

c. Gomori’s stain

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22
Q
  1. Which of the following is the main objective of Pap smear?
    a. Early detection of cervical cancer
    b. Treatment of cervicitis
    c. Diagnosis of cervical cancer
    d. Treatment of cervical cancer
A

c. Diagnosis of cervical cancer

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23
Q
  1. Which of the following does not describe a benign tumor?
    a. Invasion of adjacent tissue
    b. Encapsulation
    c. Metastases
    d. Abnormal proliferation
A

c. Metastases

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24
Q
  1. Clue cells are squamous epithelial cells that helps in the diagnosis of which of the following?
    a. HSV
    b. Candidiasis
    c. Gonorrhea
    d. Vaginosis
A

d. Vaginosis

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25
Q
  1. This is the purplish discoloration evident on the skin after death.
    a. Dermal Discoloration
    b. Dessication
    c. Algor mortis
    d. Livor mortis
    e. Rigor mortis
A

d. Livor mortis

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26
Q
  1. Characterized by an increase in number of cells which causes an increase in size of organs or tissue.
    a. Hyperplasia
    b. Hypertrophy
    c. Anaplasia
    d. Neoplasia
A

a. Hyperplasia

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27
Q
  1. Which of the following will stain glycogen?
    a. Best carmine
    b. Langhan’s iodine
    c. PAS
    d. All of the choices
A

d. All of the choices

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28
Q
  1. Used to demonstrate mitochondria in intravital staining.
    a. Benzidine
    b. Janus Green
    c. Victoria blue
    d. Acridine orange
A

b. Janus Green

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29
Q
  1. What is the refractive index of glass slide?
    a. 1.512
    b. 1.516
    c. 1.518
    d. 1.520
A

c. 1.518

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30
Q
  1. You have noticed that the clearing agent turns milky as soon as the tissue is placed in it. This indicates which of the following?
    a. Incomplete fixation
    b. Incomplete dehydration
    c. Prolonged fixation
    d. Prolonged dehydration
A

b. Incomplete dehydration

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31
Q
  1. This is the most common metallic fixative.
    a. Lead
    b. Mercuric chloride
    c. Silver
    d. Chromic
A

b. Mercuric chloride

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32
Q
  1. This is the fixative of choice for plants and
    micro-techniques.
    a. Ethanol
    b. Methanol
    c. Butanol
    d. Isopropanol
A

c. Butanol

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33
Q
  1. Clearing agent used for embryo and for very delicate specimen is ______.
    a. Aniline oil
    b. Cedarwood oil
    c. Clove oil
    d. Olive oil
A

a. Aniline oil

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34
Q
  1. What is the optimum bevel angle?
    a. 5-15°
    b. 27-32°
    c. Either
    d. Neither
A

b. 27-32°

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35
Q
  1. Which of the following is used to ripen Harris Hematoxylin?
    a. Sodium iodate
    b. Mercuric chloride
    c. Alcoholic iodine
    d. Oxalic acid
A

b. Mercuric chloride

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36
Q
  1. How would you correct a hole in a section?
    a. Readjust thickness of cut sections
    b. Reduce the tilt of the cutting knife
    c. Re-embed the tissue on freshly filtered wax
    d. Soften the block with a tissue softener
A

c. Re-embed the tissue on freshly filtered wax

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37
Q
  1. This is brought about by massive death of
    tissues in which arterial occlusion that produces ischemic necrosis and consequent desiccation of mummification of tissues is evident.
    a. Dry gangrene
    b. Wet gangrene
    c. Focal necrosis
    d. None of the choices
A

a. Dry gangrene

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38
Q
  1. In sharpening conventional microtome knives, this is the process of removing gross nicks.
    a. Honing
    b. Stropping
    c. Horning
    d. Stopping
A

a. Honing

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39
Q
  1. Mercury deposits in tissues after fixation using mercuric chloride can be removed using
    __________ prior to staining and is also known as ___________.
    a. Glacial acetic acid; versene
    b. Alcoholic iodine; dezenkerization
    c. Nitric acid; dezenkerization
    d. Ammonia water; versene
A

b. Alcoholic iodine; dezenkerization

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40
Q
  1. This fixative is best used for bone marrow, extramedullary hematopoietic tissues and intercalated discs of the cardiac muscles.
    a. Helly’s Solution
    b. Zenker-Formol solution
    c. Both A and B
    d. Neither A nor B
A

c. Both A and B

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41
Q
  1. A brain tissue specimen was received with a
    request to the pathologist for a possible diagnosis of rabies. Which of the following fixatives is best to be used in the received specimen?
    a. Isopropyl alcohol
    b. Methyl alcohol
    c. Carnoy’s fixative
    d. Newcomer’s fixative
A

c. Carnoy’s fixative

42
Q
  1. This weak decalcifying agent is used for the precipitation of proteins and nucleic acids.
    a. Trichloroacetic acid
    b. Acetone
    c. Hydrochloric acid
    d. Perenyi’s fluid
A

a. Trichloroacetic acid

43
Q
  1. It is the most common processing problem because this prevents the ingress of a clearing agent to tissues, making it soft and nonreceptive to wax impregnation.
    a. Incomplete fixation
    b. Incomplete dehydration
    c. Thick specimen
    d. Too thin specimen
A

b. Incomplete dehydration

44
Q
  1. Which is true about clearing?
    a. To make tissue transparent
    b. For dealcoholization of tissues
    c. Both
    d. Neither
A

c. Both

45
Q
  1. Which among the following adhesives is best used for cytospin preparation of blood
    materials?
    a. Poly-L-lysine
    b. Dried albumin
    c. Mayer’s egg albumin
    d. APES
A

d. APES

46
Q
  1. Which of the following is/are artificial ripening
    agent for hematoxylin dye?
    a. Sodium iodate
    b. Mercuric oxide
    c. Hydrogen peroxide
    d. All of the choices
A

d. All of the choices

47
Q
  1. For the demonstration of DNA and RNA, the most commonly used fluorochrome stain is _______.
    a. Acridine orange
    b. Bismark brown
    c. Malachite green
    d. Janus green
A

a. Acridine orange

48
Q
  1. Methylene blue stains best which of the
    following?
    a. Plasma cells
    b. Neutrophils
    c. Nissl granules
    d. Fibrin
A

a. Plasma cells

49
Q
  1. Glycogen accumulation is suspected from a tissue specimen. To demonstrate this glycogen substances using Langhan’s iodine, which color is expected to be seen under the microscope?
    a. Blue green
    b. Mahogany brown
    c. Red-purple
    d. Red
A

b. Mahogany brown

50
Q
  1. Skin biopsy specimen is received by the laboratory and is requested to demonstrate Mycobacterium leprae. Which of the following stain is best to use?
    a. Ziehl-Neelsen
    b. Wade-Fite
    c. Auramine-Rhodamine
    d. Levatidi’s
A

b. Wade-Fite

51
Q
  1. These round to oval cervico-vaginal cells are normally found after child birth, abortions, of post-menopausal specimens, and represents a “fried sunny side up egg” appearance.
    a. Parabasal cells
    b. Intermediate cells
    c. Endometrial cells
    d. Basal cells
A

a. Parabasal cells

52
Q
  1. The most widely used enzyme for labelling in immunohistochemistry is ___.
    a. Horseradish peroxidase
    b. Avidin-Biotin Complex
    c. Peroxidase-Antiperoxidase
    d. LSAB
A

a. Horseradish peroxidase

53
Q
  1. This is regarded as the most widely used staining technique for the identification of acid fast bacilli.
    a. Von Kossa’s Method
    b. Gram Staining
    c. Levatidi’s Method
    d. Ziehl-Neelsen
A

d. Ziehl-Neelsen

54
Q
  1. This type of cells line the urinary bladder.
    a. Transitional cells
    b. Columnar
    c. Mucinous cell
    d. Non-keratinized squamous
A

a. Transitional cells

55
Q
  1. Hematoxylin and Eosin staining is an example of what type of staining technique?
    a. Progressive
    b. Regressive
    c. Negative
    d. Silver Impregnation
A

b. Regressive

56
Q
  1. The most widely used embedding medium has a melting point of _______ at a laboratory with a temperature that ranges at 15-18C.
    a. 50-54C
    b. 54-58C
    c. 50-52C
    d. 54-56C
A

a. 50-54C

57
Q
  1. What is the clearance angle for a rotary microtome?
    a. 25-30
    b. 5-10
    c. 15-20
    d. 30-35
A

b. 5-10

58
Q
  1. All of the following are stain for amyloid except
    a. Congo red
    b. Alcian blue
    c. Iodine
    d. None of the choices
A

b. Alcian blue

59
Q
  1. Which of the following is/are microanatomical fixatives?
    a. Helly’s
    b. Orth’s
    c. Newcomers
    d. All of the choices
A

a. Helly’s

60
Q
  1. A good characteristic of a good mounting media is that it should have a refractive index as close to that of the slide’s which is _____.
    a. 1.518
    b. 1.158
    c. 1.185
    d. 1.815
A

a. 1.518

61
Q
  1. All of the following is used to stain Mycobacterium spp except
    a. Modified Steiner and Steiner
    b. Wade-Fite
    c. Auramine-Rhodamine
    d. None of the choices
A

a. Modified Steiner and Steiner

62
Q
  1. Cytomegalovirus leave remnants in the cell during infection. To demonstrate the viral inclusions present in the cell/tissue, which of the following stains may be used?
    a. Grocott Methenamine Silver
    b. Toluidine Blue
    c. Lendrum’s Phloxine
    d. Warthin-Starry
A

c. Lendrum’s Phloxine

63
Q
  1. Proteins are stained by the following except
    a. Alkaline Fast Green
    b. Peracetic Acid
    c. Sakaguchi
    d. Van Gieson’s
A

d. Van Gieson’s

64
Q
  1. A techniques of evisceration is the removal of organs one by one. Which of the following is being described?
    a. Virchow
    b. Rokitansky
    c. Ghon
    d. Letulle
A

a. Virchow

65
Q
  1. All but one are used for clearing.
    a. Toluene
    b. Benzene
    c. Acetone
    d. Chloroform
A

c. Acetone

66
Q
  1. The process by which cells and tissue are
    preserved in physical and partly chemical state.
    a. Fixation
    b. Clearing
    c. Infiltration
    d. Dehydration
A

a. Fixation

67
Q
  1. Iodine must be used after using Zenker’s solution. What is the function or action of iodine in this process?
    a. Mordant
    b. Removes mercuric oxide precipitates
    c. Counterstain
    d. Decolorize
A

b. Removes mercuric oxide precipitates

68
Q
  1. The stain component of Pap’s Stain that gives color to mature superficial cells
    a. OG 6
    b. Bismark Brown
    c. EA 50
    d. Harris Hematoxylin
A

a. OG 6

69
Q
  1. What is the most common cause of pseudoacidophilia in cervico-vaginal smears?
    a. Excessive OG 6
    b. Excessive EA 50
    c. Drying of specimen before fixation
    d. Increased estrogen levels
A

c. Drying of specimen before fixation

70
Q
  1. Parabasal cells are predominantly seen from the following patients except
    a. After child birth
    b. Post-menopausal
    c. Post abortion
    d. Pregnant
A

d. Pregnant

71
Q
  1. Which of the following may be used as both a decolorizer and a counterstain?
    a. Iodine
    b. Malachite green
    c. Methyl green
    d. Benzidine
A

b. Malachite green

72
Q
  1. Cells contain remnants of RNA, specifically the nucleus. Which of the following may be used to demonstrate this?
    a. Acridine orange; yellow green
    b. Acridine orange; brick red
    c. Methyl green pyronine: green or blue green
    d. Carnoy’s; black
A

b. Acridine orange; brick red

73
Q
  1. The natural oxidation of Ehrlich’s Hematoxylin takes about 2 months to complete. To hasten the process, which may be added/done?
    a. Sodium iodate
    b. Aluminum
    c. Mercuric oxide
    d. Expose to air
A

a. Sodium iodate

74
Q
  1. Eosin is a good nuclear stain. Which of the following is true?
    a. Best nuclear staining with eosin is at pH 4.6-5
    b. Eosin displays 3 shades of pink on tissue structures
    c. Eosin is a cytoplasmic stain
    d. All are incorrect
A

c. Eosin is a cytoplasmic stain

75
Q
  1. When ferric chloride is added to Weigert’s
    Hematoxylin, it serves as
    a. Oxidizing agent
    b. Mordant
    c. Both
    d. Neither
A

c. Both

76
Q
  1. This hematoxylin stain is widely used for the demonstration of both nuclear and cytoplasmic components of the cells like chromatin, chromosomes, nucleoli and mitochondria.
    a. Heidenhain’s
    b. Weigert’s
    c. Loyez’
    d. Verhoeff’s
A

a. Heidenhain’s

77
Q
  1. Risk management and safety in the laboratory is of vital to have a good and safe work environment. Which of the following is regarded as the first step in safety assurance?
    a. Identification of hazards
    b. Addressing all encountered hazards at
    once for prompt problem solving
    c. Reading the SOP
    d. Read machine manuals
A

a. Identification of hazards

78
Q
  1. Standard Operating Procedures in the laboratory should be at easy reach especially to all end-users. Which of the following is the retention time of SOPs?
    a. 2 years
    b. 10 years
    c. 20 years
    d. Indefinitely
A

d. Indefinitely

79
Q
  1. Flammable reagents in histopathology laboratories follow a standard storage. Which of the following is the set flashpoint of OSHA?
    a. 38C
    b. 48C
    c. 60.5C
    d. 70.5C
A

a. 38C

80
Q
  1. These are substances that ignite at or above the flashpoint.
    a. Flammable
    b. Combustible
    c. Explosives
    d. Oxidizers
A

b. Combustible

81
Q
  1. Silver solutions are generally used as stains. Which of the following is true about silver solutions?
    a. May explode when aged
    b. Used in metallic impregnation
    c. Both
    d. Neither
A

c. Both

82
Q
  1. The trachea has which of the following?
    a. Stratified columnar epithelia
    b. Stratified squamous epithelia
    c. Pseudostratified columnar epithelia
    d. Pseudostratified squamous epithelia
A

c. Pseudostratified columnar epithelia

83
Q
  1. He is regarded as the Father of Modern Anatomical Pathology.
    a. Giovanni Battista Morgagni
    b. Rudolf Virchow
    c. Julius Conheim
    d. Cornelius Celsus
A

a. Giovanni Battista Morgagni

84
Q
  1. This is the sum total of changes in the living tissue in response to an injurious agent.
    a. Necrosis
    b. Autolysis
    c. Inflammation
    d. Pathology
A

c. Inflammation

85
Q
  1. Which of the following is classified as retrogressive change in cell growth?
    a. Aplasia
    b. Dysplasia
    c. Anaplasia
    d. Neoplasia
A

a. Aplasia

86
Q
  1. This cardinal sign of inflammation is due to the extravasation of intravascular fluid from increased permeability of the capillaries.
    a. Tumor
    b. Rubor
    c. Calor
    d. Dolor
A

a. Tumor

87
Q
  1. This common cause of muscular atrophy is presented from patients with complete bed rest due to poliomyelitis.
    a. Denervation atrophy
    b. Atrophy of disuse
    c. Inadequate nutrition
    d. Loss of endocrine stimulation
A

a. Denervation atrophy

88
Q
  1. What is expected to the right kidney of Patient Juan Dela Cruz after he donated his left kidney?
    a. Compensatory hypertrophy
    b. Compensatory hyperplasia
    c. Physiologic hypertrophy
    d. Physiologic hyperplasia
A

a. Compensatory hypertrophy

89
Q
  1. Disordered cellular proliferation is
    a. Metaplasia
    b. Dysplasia
    c. Neoplasia
    d. Anaplasia
A

b. Dysplasia

90
Q
  1. In cases of transient ischemic attack, the affected organ may undergo what type of necrosis?
    a. Caseous necrosis
    b. Fat necrosis
    c. Liquefactive necrosis
    d. Gangrenous necrosis
A

c. Liquefactive necrosis

91
Q
  1. Which of the following knives is most ideal to be installed in a rotary microtome for routine cutting of paraffin-embedded tissues?
    a. Plane concave knife
    b. Plane-Wedge knife
    c. Biconcave knife
    d. Any of the choices
A

c. Biconcave knife

92
Q
  1. Diamond knives are usually used to cut _______ sections.
    a. Hard and dense tissues
    b. Ultrathin section
    c. Whole eye sections
    d. Semi-thin sections
A

b. Ultrathin section

93
Q
  1. In automatic tissue processing, at what station is acetone placed?
    a. Station 1
    b. Station 2
    c. Station 3
    d. Station 4
A

c. Station 3

94
Q
  1. Paraffin oven may be used for both infiltration and for drying tissue sections. Which is the right temperature if we are to use the oven for infiltration?
    a. 58-60C for 2 hours
    b. 58-60C for 3 hours
    c. 48-50C for 2 hours
    d. 48-50C for 2 hours
A

a. 58-60C for 2 hours

95
Q
  1. This process or phenomenon happens to a tissue or an organ after it has been removed from the body.
    a. Warm ischemia
    b. Cold ischemia
    c. Arterial occlusion
    d. Denervation
A

b. Cold ischemia

96
Q
  1. Fixation aims to preserve the cells and tissues as to how they look like when still inside the body. Which of the following is the primary goal of fixation?
    a. Preserve the morphologic and chemical
    integrity of the cell
    b. Harden and protect the tissue from
    trauma from further handling
    c. Stabilizes the protein
    d. All of the choices
A

a. Preserve the morphologic and chemical
integrity of the cell

97
Q
  1. What is the most common error in tissue
    processing?
    a. Insufficient ratio of tissue volume to
    fixative volume
    b. Thickness of tissue sections
    c. Temperature of reagent used
    d. Osmolality of the reagent used
A

a. Insufficient ratio of tissue volume to
fixative volume

98
Q
  1. This type of fixative permits the fixation of specific parts and particular microscopic elements of the cell.
    a. Microanatomical fixative
    b. Cytological fixative
    c. Histochemical fixative
    d. All of the choices
A

b. Cytological fixative

99
Q
  1. Which of the following is true regarding glacial acetic acid?
    a. It should always be a component of a
    nuclear fixative
    b. Stains at pH 4.6 or less
    c. Both
    d. Neither
A

c. Both

100
Q
  1. Which of the following substances inhibits the action of hematoxylin in staining?
    a. Osmium tetroxide
    b. Osmic acid
    c. Both
    d. Neither
A

c. Both

HTMLE (4 decks)

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