Histo Flashcards
Major Cell Type in the respiratory system.
Pseduostratified Ciliated Columnar Epithelium (PCCE)
Olfactory cell type.
Bipolar Neuron
Function of basal cells
Progenitor cells
Function of brush cells
General sensation (CN V)
Cell type unique to the oropharynx and laryngopharynx compared to the rest of the respiratory system.
Non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium (NKSSE)
In the larynx what type of cells line the vestibular fold and then the vocal folds?
Vestibular: PCCE
Vocal: NKSSE
In what part of the respiratory tract are ossification centers most commonly seen?
Trachea
What is the function of the granule cells in the trachea and bronchus tree?
Secrete catecholamines like serotonin, calcitonin, bombesin
(bombesin stimulates gastrin release from G cells to inhibit hunger. It is also used as a tumor marker for small cell lung carcinoma, gastric cancer and neuroblastoma)
Name the 8 division of the respiratory tree and where the hyaline cartilage stops.
- Trachea
- Lobar (secondary) bronchi
- Segmental (tertiary) bronchi
(loss of hyaline cartilage)
- Bronchiolus
- Terminal Bronchiolus
- Respiratory Bronchiolus
- Alveolar Duct
- Alveoli
Which layer of the bronchial contains the smooth muscle?
Mucosal Layer
How does the epithelium change near the termination of the respiratory tree?
Starts as PCCE, then simple columnar, then simple cuboidal
Function of Clara Cells
Secrete surfactant
What makes up the 3 layers of the air-blood barrier?
- Pneumocyte Type 1 (alveolar epithelium)
- Basement Membrane
- Capillary Endothelial Cell
Function of the Pneumocyte Type II cells.
Secrete Surfactant
Function of the Pores of Kohn
Allow ventilation between alveolar sacs if one alveolar duct becomes blocked
