Hip & Plexus Anatomy

Question 1

State the 3 bones of the hip joint

Answer 1

Ilium, pubis, ischium

Question 2

Briefly describe the anatomy of the ilium

Answer 2

Inner surface is concave - iliac surface where iliacus muscles attach
External surface is convex - gluteal surface where gluteal muscles attach
Sacroiliac joint connect ilium to sternum

Question 3

Briefly describe the anatomy of the pubis

Answer 3

Superior and inferior rami connected through body in the middle
Pubis symphysis in the middle of the body allows slight movement in hip during pregnancy

Question 4

What are the hip bones separated by

Answer 4

Triradiate cartilage

Question 5

What is the acetabulum

Answer 5

Socket of the hip joint

Where the 3 hip bones converge and interact with femur

Question 6

What is the acetabular labrum

Answer 6

Fibrocartilaginous rim attached to margin of acetabulum
Increases the articular contact area by 10%
Transverse acetabular ligament strengthens inferior portion of acetabulum

Question 7

What factors increase hip joint stability

Answer 7

Acetabular labrum, joint capsule, ligaments, muscles
Ligaments include iliofemoral, pubofemoral, ischiofemoral
Accessory ligaments include ligament of head of femur and transverse acetabular ligament

Question 8

State the nerve branches of the lumbar plexus

Answer 8

Iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal, genitofemoral nerve, lateral cutaneous, obturator, femoral
I twice got lit on friday

Question 9

What are the roots, motor and sensory functions of ilioguinal nerve

Answer 9

Roots - L1
Motor functions - innervates internal oblique and transverus abdominis
Sensory functions - innervates skin on the upper middle thigh
Male supplies skin over penis and anterior scrotum
Females supplies skin over mons pubis and labia majora

Question 10

What are the roots, motor and sensory functions of genitofemoral nerve

Answer 10

Roots - L1, L2
Motor functions - genital branch innervates cremasteric muscle
Sensory function - genital branch innervates skin of anterior scrotum (males) or skin over mons pubis and labia majora (females)
Femoral branch innervates skin on supper anterior thigh

Question 11

What are the roots, motor and sensory functions of lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh

Answer 11

Roots - L2, L3
Motor functions - none
Sensory functions - innervates anterior and lateral thigh down to level of knee

Question 12

What are the roots, motor and sensory functions of obturator nerve

Answer 12

Roots - L2, L3, L4
Motor functions - innervates medial thigh muscles: obturator externus, pectineus, adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor magnus, gracilis
Sensory functions - innervates skin over medial thigh

Question 13

What are the roots, motor and sensory functions of femoral nerve

Answer 13

Roots - L2, L3, L4
Motor functions - innervates anterior thigh muscles: illiacus, pectineus, sartorius, all quadriceps femoris muscles
Sensory functions - innervates skin on anterior thigh and medial leg and foot

Question 14

State the nerve branches of the sacral plexus

Answer 14

Superior gluteal, inferior gluteal, sciatic, posterior femoral cutaneous, pudendal
SIPPS

Question 15

What are the roots, motor and sensory functions of superior gluteal nerve

Answer 15

Roots - L4, L5, S1
Motor functions - innervate gluteus minimus, gluteus medius and tensor fascia lata
Sensory functions - none

Question 16

What are the roots, motor and sensory functions of inferior gluteal nerve

Answer 16

Roots - L5, S1, S2
Motor functions - innervates gluteus maximus
Sensory functions - none

Question 17

What are the roots, motor and sensory functions of sciatic nerve

Answer 17

Roots - L4, L5, S1, S2, S3
Motor functions - tibial portion innervates all muscles in posterior compartment of thigh, all muscles in posterior compartment of leg and all muscles in sole of foot
Fibular portion innervates short head of biceps femoris and all muscles in anterior and lateral compartments of leg and extensor digitorum brevis
Sensory functions - tibial portion innervates skin on posterolateral and medial surfaces of foot and sole of foot
Fibular portion innervates skin on anterolateral surface of leg and dorsal aspect of foot

Question 18

What are the roots, motor and sensory functions of posterior femoral cutaneous nerve

Answer 18

Roots - S1, S2, S3
Motor functions - none
Sensory functions - innervates skin on posterior surface of thigh and leg, innervates skin on perineum

Question 19

What are the roots, motor and sensory functions of pudendal nerve

Answer 19

Roots - S2, S3, S4
Motor functions - innervates skeletal muscles in perineum, external urethral sphincter, external anal sphincter and levator ani
Sensory functions - innervates penis and clitoris, most skin on perineum