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ANATOMY > HIP MYOLOGY > Flashcards

HIP MYOLOGY Flashcards

1
Q

Movements occurring at hip by muscle groups

A 
Flexors
Extensors
Abductors
Adductors
Medial rotators
Lateral rotators
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2
Q

Flexors of the hip

A

Psoas major: palpable (tendon
only)

Illiacus: palpable (tendon only)

Sartorius: palpable

Pectineus: x palpable (too deep)

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3
Q

Psoas major 🐶

A

Shape: large and powerful

Origin: bodies and discs of vertebrae T12 – L5
Anterior aspect of all lumber transverse processes (TPs)

Insertion: lesser trochanter or Femur (with iliacus)

Direction: inferiorly

Actions: flexes hip, working bi-laterally laterally flexes is the lumbar spine

Function: sitting up from a lying position

Nerve supply: anterior rami L1,2,3,4

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4
Q

Sartorius 🐍

A

Shape: Strape like thin longest muscle in body

Origin: Anterior Superior iliac spine

Insertion: upper medial shaft of tibia

Direction: inferiorly medially

Action: Flexes and laterally rotates the hip flexes the knee

Function: sitting cross-legged

Nerve supply: femoral nerve L2,3

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5
Q

Illiacus 🍗

A

Shape: flat fan shaped

Origin: upper and posterior 2/3 iliac fossa of sacrum and anterior Sacroiliac ligament

Insertion: lesser trochanter of femur with psoas major

Direction: inferiorly anteriorly

Actions: flexes the hip

Function: sitting up from a lying position

Nerve supply: femoral nerve L2, 3

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6
Q

Pectineus🤚

A

Shape: small rectangular

Origin: superior ramus of pubis iliopubic eminence and pubic tubercle

Insertion: pectineal line on upper posterior femur

Direction: inferiorly laterally

Actions: flexes and adducts the hip

Function: sitting up from a line position

Nerve supply: femoral nerve L2, 3

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7
Q

Extensors

A

Gluteus maximus – palpable

Hamstrings – palpable

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8
Q

Gluteus maximus 🥩

A

Shape: very powerful larges of the gluteal muscles most superficial gluteal muscle quadrilateral shaped

Origin: gluteal surface of ilium, iliac crest, posterior sacrum and coccyx Sarcotuberous ligament and fascia covering erector spinae

Insertion: deep part to the gluteal tuberosity of fumur superficial 3/4 to the iliotibial tract

Direction: inferiorly latterly

Actions: extends laterally rotates and abducts the hip

Function: running walking climbing keeping us up right

Nerve supply: inferior gluteal nerve L5 S1,2

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9
Q

Adductors

A

Adductor longus – palpable

Adductor Magnus – palpable

Adductor brevis - x palpable

Gracilis – x palpable

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10
Q

Adductor longus /

A

Shape: triangular

Origin: anterior aspect body of pubis

Insertion: upper half linea aspara of femur

Direction: inferiorly laterally

Actions: adducts hip

Function: weight transference during walking, horse riding

Nerve supply: obturator nerve L2, 3,4

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11
Q

Adductor Magnus 🌲

A

Shape: largest adductor muscle two components adductor part and hamstring part. Triangular

Origin: ischiopubic ramus inferior surface of ischial tuberosity

Insertion: adductor part- into the whole length of the linea aspara of Femur

hamstring part- into the middle supracondylar ridge and adductor tubercle of femur

Direction: inferiorly laterally

Actions: adducts and extend the hip

Function: weight transference during walking, horseriding

Nerve supply: adductor- obturator nerve L2,3
Hamstring part: sciatic nerve L4

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12
Q

Adductor brevis 🌱

A

Shape:‘s smallest adductor muscle triangular

Origin: body and inferior ramus of pubis

Insertion: upper half of linea aspera of femur

Direction: inferiorly laterally

Actions adducts hip

Function: weight transference during walking, horseriding

Nerve supply: obturator nerve L2,3,4

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13
Q

Gracilis ( I )

A

Shape: long thin muscle

Origin: body and inferior ramus of pubis

Insertion: medial surface shaft of tibia between sartorius and semitendinous

Direction: inferiorly

Actions: adducts hip and flexs the knee

Function: weight transference train walking, horseriding

Nerve supply: obturator nerve L2, 3

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14
Q

Abductors

A

Gluteus medius – palpable

Gluteus minimus – X palpable

Tensor fascia lata – palpable

Sartorius - palpable

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15
Q

Gluteus medius 🥩

A

Shape: second largest gluteal muscle lies under gluteus maximus triangular

Origin: gluteal surface of ilium and covering fascia

Insertion: superolateral surface of greater trochanter a femur

Direction: inferiorly laterally

Actions: abducts and medially rotates hip

Function: keeps the pelvis level during walking

Nerve supply: superior gluteal nerve L4, 5,S1

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16
Q

Gluteus minimus 🥩

A

Shape: smallest and deepest gluteal muscle lies under gluteus medius triangular

Origin: gluteal surface of ilium deep to gluteus medius

Insertion: anterior superior surface of greater trochanter of femur

Direction: inferiorly latterly

Actions: abducts and medially rotates hip

Function: stability and control of pelvic movements

Nerve supply: superior gluteal nerve L4, 5, S1

17
Q

Tensor fascia lata ❗️

A

Shape: smallish and triangular

Origin: ASIS and adjacent iliac crest

Insertion: plants between the two layers of the iliotibial tract and onto the lateral tibial condyle

Direction: inferiorly posteriorly

Actions: abducts medially rotate tape assists in the extension

Function: Keeps the pelvis level during walking

Nerve supply: superior gluteal nerve L4, 5

18
Q

Medial rotators

A

Gluteus medius – palpable

Gluteus minimus – x palpable

Tensor fascia lata – palpable

19
Q

Lateral rotators (deep)

A

Piriformis – X palpable

Quadratus femoris – X palpable

Obturator internus/externus – X palpable

Gemellus superior/inferior – X
palpable

Gluteus maximus – palpable

Sartorius – palpable

20
Q

What is the fascia

A

Any collection of connective-tissue large enough to be visible to the naked eye

Two types: superficial, deep

21
Q

Superficial fascia of the thigh

A

Sits just below the skin like a sleeve around the thigh

Allows the passage of nerves and lymphatics to the skin

22
Q

Deep fascia of the thigh

A

Also known as the fascia lata and it ensheaths the muscles

Encloses glutes and tensor fascia lata

Deepest part has elongations called intermuscular septa that anchors the fascia to the femur And divide the thigh muscles into fascial compartments

Thickening of the deep fascia on the lateral aspect of the thigh forms the iliotibial tract which extends from the iliac crest on the pelvis to the lateral aspect of the lateral tibial condyle

23
Q

Why is the iliotibial tract important

A

important structure: provides a large surface area for other muscles to attach

24
Q

Origin

A

Proximal attachment

Fixed bone

25
Q

Insertion

A

Distal attachment

Moveable bone

26
Q

Iliotibial tract

Position and Attachments

A

Iliotibial tract is a vertical band of thickened fascia

Position: found in the lateral part of the fascia lata

Attachments:

Proximal:
superiorly to the outer lip of the iliac crest behind the iliac tubercle

Distal:
Inferiorly to a tubercle on the anterior aspect of the lateral tibial condyle(gerdy’s tubercle)

Thickest below the level of the greater trochanter

27
Q

Piriformus

A

Shape: triangular

Origin: 2nd 3rd 4th sacral segments lateral to anterior sacral foramina

Insertion: superior body of greater trochanter

Direction: laterally anteriorly

Action: lateral rotation abduction

Function: stabilises hip

Nerve supply: lumbosacral plexus L5 S1,2

28
Q

Quadratus femoris

A

Shape: flat quadraleteral muscle

Origin: ischial tuberosity

Insertion: superior to mid portion of intertrichanteric crest on posterior of femur

Action: laterally rotates

Function: stabilizes hip

Nerve supply: quadratus femoris L4,5 S1

29
Q

Obturator internus

A

Shape: triangular shape posterior to hip

Origin: inner surface of obturator foramen pubis and ischium

Insertion: medial surface of greater trochanter if femur

Direction: laterally posteriorly

Action:laterally rotates abduction

Function: moving sideways lower limb swinging crawling

Nerve supply: obturator internus L5 S1,2

30
Q

Obturator externus

A

Shape: triangular

Origin: outer surface of obturator membrane

Insertion: trochanteric fossa

Direction: below Acetabulum across the back of the femoral neck to attach to the trochanteric fossa

Action: laterally rotates abduction

Function: controlling pelvis forward swinging phase controlling movement when pelvis is flexed

Nerve supply: obturator nerve L3,4

31
Q

Gemellus superior

A

Shape:triangular

Origin: Ischial spine

Insertion: medial surface of greater trochanter if femur

Direction: laterally inferiorly

Action: laterally rotates abducts

Function:stabilise hip

Nerve supply: obturator internus L5 S1,2

32
Q

Gemellus inferior

A

Shape: triangular

Origin: ischial tuberosity

Insertion: medial surface of greater trochanter of femur

Direction: laterally superiorly

Action: laterally rotates abducts

Function: stabilise hip

Nerve supply: quadratus femoris L4,5 S1

33
Q 
Peter
Got
Olive
Good
Quiz
Orders
A

Piriformis

Gemellus superior

Obturator internus

Gemellus inferior

Quadratus femoris

Obturator externus

ANATOMY (11 decks)

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