Hip Muscles Flashcards
Gluteus Maximus Insertion
Most fibers = iliotibial tract, which inserts into lateral condyle of tibia
Some fibers = gluteal tuberosity of femur
Gluteus Maximus Origin
- ilium posterior to posterior gluteal line
- dorsal surface of sacrum and coccyx
- sacrotuberous ligament
Gluteus Maximus Innervation
Inferior Gluteal Nerve (L5, S1, S2)
Gluteus Maximus Action
- Extends thigh and assists in its lateral rotation
- Steadies thigh and assists in rising from sitting position
Gluteus Medius Origin
External surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines
Gluteus Medius Insertion
Lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur
Gluteus Medius Innervation
Superior Gluteal Nerve (L4, L5, S1)
Gluteus Medius Action
- Abduct and medially rotate thigh
- Keep pelvis level when opposite leg is raised
Gluteus Minimus Origin
External surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines
Gluteus Minimus Insertion
Anterior surface of greater trochanter of femur
Gluteus Minimus Innvervation
Superior Gluteal Nerve (L4, L5, S1)
Gluteus Minimus Action
- Abduct and medially rotate thigh
- Keep pelvis level when opposite leg is raised
Tensor fascia lata Origin
- ASIS
2. Anterior part of iliac spine
Tensor fascia lata Insertion
Iliotibial tract, which attaches to lateral condyle of tibia
Tensor fascia lata Innervation
Superior Gluteal Nerve (L4, L5, S1)
Tensor fascia lata Action
flexes thigh
Piriformis Origin
- Anterior surface of 2nd-4th sacral segments
- Superior margin of greater sciatic notch
- Sacrotuberous ligament
Piriformis Insertion
Superior border of greater trochanter of femur
Piriformis Innervation
Branches of anterior rami of S1, S2
Piriformis Action
- laterally rotate extended thigh
- abduct flexed thigh
- steady femoral head in acetabulum (stabilizes hip joint)
Obturator Internus Origin
- Pelvic surface of ilium and ishium
2. obturator membrane
Obturator Internus Insertion
Medial surface of greater trochanter
Obturator Internus Innervation
Nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1)
Obturator Internus Action
- laterally rotate extended thigh
- adbuct flexed thigh
- steady femoral head in acetabulum
Gemelli, superior and inferior Origin
Superior: ischial spine
Inferior: ischial tuberosity
Gemelli Insertion
Medial surface of greater trochanter
Gemelli Innervation
Superior: Nerve to Obturator Internus (L5, S1)
Inferior: Nerve to Quadratus Femoris (L5,S1)
Gemelli Action
- laterally rotate extended thigh
- abduct flexed thigh
- steady femoral head in acetabulum
Quadratus Femoris Origin
lateral border of ischial tuberosity
Quadratus Femoris Insertion
Quadrate tubercle on intertrochanteric crest of femur and area inferior to it
Quadratus Femoris Innervation
Nerve to Quadratus Femoris (L5, S1)
Quadratus Femoris Action
- laterally rotates thigh
- steadies femoral head in acetabulum
Semitendinosus Origin
ischial tuberosity
Semitendinosus Insertion
Medial surface of superior part of tibia
Semitendinosus Innervation
Tibial division of Sciatic Nerve (L5, S1, S2)
Semitendinosus Action
- Extend thigh
- Flex leg and rotate it medially when knee is flexed
- When thigh and leg flexed, can extend trunk
Semimembranosus Origin
ischial tuberosity
Semimembranosus Insertion
- Posterior part of medial condyle of tibia
- Reflected attachment forms oblique popliteal ligament (to lateral femoral condyle)
Semimembranosus Innervation
Tibial division of Sciatic Nerve (L5, S1, S2)
Semimembranosus Action
- extend thigh
- flex leg and rotate it medially when knee is flexed
- when thigh and leg flexed, can extend trunk
Biceps Femoris Origin
long head: ischial tuberosity
short head: linea aspera and lateral supracondylar line of femur
Biceps Femoris Insertion
- lateral side of head of fibula
- tendon is split at this site by fibular collateral ligament of knee
Biceps Femoris Innervation
long head: tibial division of Sciatic Nerve (L5, S1, S2)
short head: common fibular division of Sciatic Nerve (L5, S1, S2)
Biceps Femoris Action
- flexes leg and rotates it laterally when knee is flexed
- extends thigh (e.g. when starting to walk)
