Hip Joint Flashcards
What are the articulating surfaces of the hip joint?
Head of the femur and acetabulum of the pelvix
Where is the articulating surface of the acetabulum deficient? What is this area called?
Deficient inferiorly at the acetabular notch
What structure deepens the cavity of the acetabulum? By what percent can the cavity be deepened?
acetabular labrum
10%
What is the name of the ligament that bridges the acetabular notch?
transverse acetabular ligament
the transverse acetabular ligament is a part of what larger structure?
the acetabular labrum
This ligament permits free movement, but cannot maintain joint integrity.
The capsular ligament
These ligaments reinforce the capsular ligament both anteriorly and inferiorly.
The iliofemoral ligament
the pubofemoral ligament
This ligament is considered to be the strongest in the body.
The iliofemoral ligament
What are the two attachment sites for the iliofemoral ligament?
the anterior inferior iliac spine
the intertrochanteric line
How does the iliofemoral ligament allow a person to stand upright?
becomes tight with full extension - supports the hip joint
“screws” the head of the femur into the acetabulum
What muscles take over support/keep you from falling when bending backward?
anterior hip and abdominal muscles
What muscles take over support/keep you from falling when bending forward?
Gluteal, hamstring and spinal muscles
Is the iliofemoral ligament rope like or wall like?
rope like
What is the nerve supply to the hip joint?
Femoral, obturator and sciatic nerves
What are the attachment sites for the pubofemoral ligament?
superior ramus of the pubis
intertrochanteric line
Which hip ligament prevents abduction of the joint?
the pubofemoral
What type of ligament is the pubofemoral?
extrinsic, rope like
How does the ischiofemoral ligament reinforce the hip joint?
posteriorly
What are the attachment sites for the ischiofemoral ligament?
body of ischium
neck and greater trochanter of the femur
What movements are prevented by the ischiofemoral?
hyperextension and abduction
Is the ischiofemoral intrinsic/extrinsic, wall like/rope like?
extrinsic rope like
Which ligament transforms the acetabular notch into a tunnel? what is the significance of this tunnel?
The transverse acetabular ligament
tunnel is passageway for blood vessels and nerves to enter the joint
What is the function of the capitis femoris ligament?
conduct the obturator artery to the head of the femur
what role does the capitis femoris ligament play in stabilizing the joint?
none
Which two hip ligaments are intrinsic?
Transverse acetabular ligament and capitis femoris ligament
How is movement of the hip more limited than movement of the shoulder?
- when leg flexed at knee: hip flexion limited by anterior surface of thigh contacting with anterior abdominal wall
- when leg extended at knee: hip flexion limited by hamstrings
What is another term for congenital dislocation?
Developmental dysplasia
what is the usual causation of developmental dysplasia?
ligamentous laxity: allows hip to slip out of place
…apparent correlation to breech births
Is developmental dysplasia more common in males or females?
females (8x)
Pain, abnormal gait, unequal leg length, osteoarthritis, twisting of the femur and contracture of the hip muscle are all symptoms of what condition?
Developmental dysplasia
what is another description for femoral anteversion?
twisting of the femur
What type of acquired dislocation is most common? What structure is torn? where does the head of the femur end up? what structure could be compromised?
posterior dislocation
capsular ligament
on the ilium
sciatic nerve
In an anterior dislocation, where does the head of the femur end up? what nerve may be compromised?
obturator foramen
obturator nerve
