hip conditions Flashcards
what posture should be observed for the hips
observe in standing
view lumbar spine, iliac crests
supine
leg length
external rotation legs
what are typical ROM for the hip?
Active ROM
- Hip flexion 110°
- Hip extension 10°
- Abduction 40°
- Adduction 25°
- External rotation 50°
- Internal rotation 30°
Passive ROM
- Hip flexion 120°
- Hip extension 15°
- Abduction 50°
- Adduction 30°
- External rotation 60°
- Internal rotation 40°
what are the key isometric muscle tests
Hip flexion
* Hip Extension
* Abduction
* Adduction
* Internal rotation
* External rotation
what special test is for flexor-muscle shortening?
thomas test
what test is the FADDIR test for?
Femoroacetabular impingement syndrome, anterior labral tear and
iliopsoas tendinopathy
what tests for multiple possibilities
FABER
what tests for hip abductor weakness
trendelenburg
how is the thomas test conducted
tests for hip flexor contracture, iliopsoas tightness
pt brings knee as close to chest as possible, whilst other leg remains extended
positive test is when extended knee starts to flex or lift
if extended leg starts to abduct thats a sign of tight ITB
how is the FABER test conducted
Faber test
tests flexion, abduction and external rotation
pt in supine
test leg crosses ankle over knee
ensure foot isn’t supinating
stabilise illium and push leg down to table
if there is:
1. sacroiliac joint pain on external hip rotation
- sacroiliac joint dysfunction
- sacroiliitis
2. groin pain on external hip rotation
- iliopsoas strain or iliopsoas bursitis
- Intraarticular Hip Disorder
1. Hip Impingement (femoral acetabular
impingement)
2. Hip Labral Tear
3. Hip loose bodies
4. Hip chondral lesion
5. Hip Osteoarthritis
3.Posterior Hip Pain on external hip rotation
- Posterior Hip Impingement
how is the FADDIR test carried out
looks for hip inpingement
pt lies in supine
affected leg flexes to 90 degree, hip is adducted and internally rotated
positive if groin pain is reproduced
how is the trendelenburg sign carried out
helps to look for hip dysfunction
positive indicate week abductor muscles
observed from posterior
findings associated with hip abnormalities such as congenital hip dislocation, rheumatic arthritis, osteoarthritis
pts asked to stand on one leg for 30s without leaning to one side, vice versa
what tests assess muscle length around the hip
ely’s test
thomas test
ober test
how is ely’s test carried out
tests rectus femoris spasticity
pt is in prone relaxed, with one hand under lower back and other hand on heel quickly flex knee, heel should reach buttocks
test is positive when heel can’t touch buttocks, hip rises up from table or pt feels pain or tingling
how is obers test carried out
evaluates tight, contracted tensor fascia latae and iliotibial band
pt in side-lying affected side up
bottom knee and hip should be flexed to flatten lumbar spine
passively abduct and extends hip with knee at 90 degree, proximal hand stabilises hip
upper limb slowly lowers,
positive test if limb can’t adduct past neutral
what functional tests may be conducted around the hip?
involve multi-join activities
one leg tap test
