anatomy of upper limb Flashcards
What are the biceps muscles?
Long head and short head
What is the action, origin, insertion and innervation or the biceps muscles?
A: flexion / supination of the forearm
O: Long head = supraglenoid fossa
Short head = coracoid process
I: radial tuberosity
N: C5-C6 musculocutaneous nerve
What are the triceps muscles?
Long head
Lateral head
Medial head
What are the actions of the triceps muscles?
Long head: extension + abduction of glenohumeral joint
Lateral and medial for extension forearm
What are the origins, insertions and innervations of the triceps?
Origin:
Long head: infraglenoid tubercle
Lateral and medial head: posterior surface humerus and groove radial nerve
I: Common olecranon tendon
N: C6-C8 radial nerve
What is the action, origin insertion and innervation of corachobrachialis?
A: Shoulder flexion and transverse adduction
O: Coracoid process
I: medial aspect humerus (mid third)
N: C5-C7 musculocutaneous nerve
Which muscles create flexion of glenohumeral joint / shoulder flexion?
Biceps brachialis
Coracobrachialis
Anterior deltoids
Pec major
What is the action, origin, insertion and innervation of brachioradialis?
A: elbow flexion
O: lateral supracondylar ridge humerus
I: lateral distal radius
N: radial nerve (C5-C6)
What is the action, origin, insertion and innervation of supinator?
A: 90 degree elbow supination
O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
supinator crest and supinator fossa
I: Lateral posterior aspects of the proximal 1/3 radius
N: posterior interosseus nerve (C7 / C8)
What is the action, origin, insertion and innervation of pronator teres?
A: pronation proximal radioulnar joint and forearm flexion
O: medial supracondylar ridge humerus and medial aspect ulna coronoid process
I: Middle 1/3 of anterior radius onto tendon
N: medial nerve (C6/C7)
What is the action, origin, insertion and innervation of extensor carpi ulnaris
A: wrist extension and ulnar deviation
O: common extensor tendon
I: base metacarpal V
N: posterior interosseus nerve (radial nerve C7/C8)
What is the action, origin, insertion and innervation of flexor carpi ulnaris?
Flexes wrist and ulnar deviation
O: flexor tendon
I: metacarpal V (+ pisiform and hamate)
N: ulnar nerve (C7-T1)`
What is the action, origin, insertion and innervation of extensor carpi radialis longus?
A: wrist extension and radial deviation
O: common extensor tendon
I: base metacarpal II
N: radial nerve (C5-C8)
What is the action, origin, insertion and innervation of flexor carpi radialis?
A: flexes wrist and radial deviates
O: flexor tendon
I: base meta carpal II (radial side)
N: median nerve (C6/C7)
What is the action, origin, insertion and innervation of extensor digitorum
A: extends fingers
O: common extensor tendon
I: dorsal digital expansion, extensor hood
N: posterior interosseous (radial nerve C7/C8)
What is the action, origin, insertion and innervation of flexor digitorum superficialis
A flexes fingers (not distal phalanges)
O: common flexor tendon (medial epicondyle)
I: middle phalanges fingers
N: median nerve (C8+T1)
What is the action, origin, insertion and innervation of flexor pollicis brevis
thumb flexor
O: sup head = flexor retinaculum, tubercle trapezium
deep head = trapezoid and capitate bones
I: lat aspect base of proximal phalanx I
N: median nerve and ulnar nerve (sup and deep heads)
What is the action, origin, insertion and innervation of extensor pollicis brevis?
A: extends thumb
O: posterior surface distal 1/3 radius and interosseus membrane
I: proximal phallanx
N: posterior interosseus membrane
C7 + C8
What is the action, origin, insertion and innervation of flexor digiti minimi
A: little finger flexor
O: hook of hamate, flexor retinaculum
I: base of phalanx of digit V
N: ulnar nerve C8-T1
What is the action, origin, insertion and innervation of brachialis
A: elbow flexor
O: anterior aspect of distal 1/2 of humerus
I: coronoid process of ulna tuberosity
N: musculocutaneous nerve (C5-C7)
What is the action, origin, insertion and innervation of teres major
A: adduction GH joint, medial + lateral rotation
O: posterior aspect anterior angle scapula
I: crest lesser tuberosity
N: lower subscapular nerve (C5-C7)
What is the action, origin, insertion and innervation of teres minor
Transverse abduction, lateral rotation - part of rotator cuff
O: posterior aspect scapular (superior 1/2)
I: greater tuberosity
N: axillary nerve C5 + C6
What is the action, origin, insertion and innervation of the rhomboids
A: scapular retraction
O: Minor: nuchal ligament + C7-T1
Major: Spine T2-T5
I: medial border scapular adjacent to spine
N: dorsal scapular C5
What is the action, origin, insertion and innervation of the pectoralis major?
A: shoulder depression (drags down) and arm adduction, internal rotation, flexion shoulder
O: anterior aspect clavicle, external costal head, manubrium, body sternum, costal cartilage, true ribs, external aponeurosis
I: crest of greater tubercle humerus
N: lateral pectoral nerve and medial pectoral nerve C5-T1
