Hip and Thigh: Bones and Muscles Flashcards
What is on the outer surface of the ilium?
the inferior, anterior and posterior gluteal lines
What is the inner surface of the ilium?
the iliac fossa
What divides the greater and lesser sciatic notches?
the ischial spine
Which is anterior, the intertrochanteric line or the intertrochanteric crest?
the intertrochanteric line
Where is the lesser trochanter?
posteromedial
Where is the greater trochanter?
anterolateral
What is the linea aspira?
the vertical line on the posterior femur
What is the action of muscles of the gluteal region?
extend, rotate and abduct the thigh at the hip joint
What is the role of the muscles of the gluteal region in locomotion?
minimise pelvic tilt
What are the flexors of the hip?
muscles that arise from the posterior abdominal wall - iliopsoas
What is the fascia lata?
a dense layer of investing fascia that surrounds the thigh and prevents outward bulging and promotes venous return
What is the iliotibial tract?
a lateral thickening of the fascia lata that functions as a shared aponeurotic tendon for glut max and tensor fascia lata
What is the action of tensor fascia lata?
flexes, abducts and medially rotates at the hip
What is the origin of glut max?
the gluteal surface of the ileum and the dorsal surface of the sacrum
What is the action of glut max?
extension and lateral rotation
What is the insertion of glut max?
the iliotibial tract and the gluteal tuberosity of the femur
In what movements is glut max used?
standing from sitting, walking up stairs, straightening from bending over
What is the insertion of glut med and glut min?
greater trochanter
What is the action of glut med and glut min?
abduction at the hip and medial rotation
What is the origin of piriformis?
sacrum
What is the insertion of piriformis?
greater trochanter
What is the origin of obturator internus?
ischiopubic ramus and obturator membrane
What is the insertion of obturator internus?
greater trochanter
What is the origin of quadratus femoris?
ischial tuberosity
What is the insertion of quadratus femoris?
intertrochanteric crest
What are the muscles in the anterior compartment of the hip above sartorius?
illiopsoas and pectineus
What is the action of pectineus?
flexes at the hip and adducts at the hip
What is the action of sartorius?
flexion, abduction and lateral rotation at the hip and flexion at the knee - for sitting cross legged
What is the action of the quadriceps?
extension at the knee (and rectus femoris also does flexion at the hip)
What is the insertion of the quadriceps?
tibial tuberosity (via the patellar tendon)
What is the origin of rectus femoris?
the AIIS and just above the acetabulum
What is the origin of vastus lateralis and medialis?
the proximal femur
What is the origin of vastus intermedius?
clothes most of the shaft of the femur
What is the origin of sartorius?
ASIS
What is the insertion of sartorius?
pes anserinus
What are the muscles of the adductor compartment of the thigh?
adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor magnus, gracilis
What is the origin of the adductor muscles?
inferior pubic ramus and ischial ramus
What is the insertion of the adductor muscles?
the linea aspira (and the adductor tubercle for adductor magnus)
What is the adductor hiatus?
the gap between the insertion of adductor magnus that acts as a passageway for vessels of the lower limb
What is the origin of the hamstrings?
the ischial tuberosity (superficial components) and the posterior shaft of the femur (short head of biceps)
What is the action of the hamstrings?
hip extensors (except short head of biceps) and knee flexors
What is the insertion of biceps femoris?
head of the fibula
What is the insertion of semimembranosus?
posterior surface of the medial condyle of the tibia
What is the insertion of semitendinosus?
pes anserinus
What is the insertion of gracilis?
pes anserinus
