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Lower Limb > Hip and Thigh: Bones and Muscles > Flashcards

Hip and Thigh: Bones and Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

What is on the outer surface of the ilium?

A

the inferior, anterior and posterior gluteal lines

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2
Q

What is the inner surface of the ilium?

A

the iliac fossa

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3
Q

What divides the greater and lesser sciatic notches?

A

the ischial spine

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4
Q

Which is anterior, the intertrochanteric line or the intertrochanteric crest?

A

the intertrochanteric line

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5
Q

Where is the lesser trochanter?

A

posteromedial

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6
Q

Where is the greater trochanter?

A

anterolateral

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7
Q

What is the linea aspira?

A

the vertical line on the posterior femur

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8
Q

What is the action of muscles of the gluteal region?

A

extend, rotate and abduct the thigh at the hip joint

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9
Q

What is the role of the muscles of the gluteal region in locomotion?

A

minimise pelvic tilt

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10
Q

What are the flexors of the hip?

A

muscles that arise from the posterior abdominal wall - iliopsoas

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11
Q

What is the fascia lata?

A

a dense layer of investing fascia that surrounds the thigh and prevents outward bulging and promotes venous return

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12
Q

What is the iliotibial tract?

A

a lateral thickening of the fascia lata that functions as a shared aponeurotic tendon for glut max and tensor fascia lata

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13
Q

What is the action of tensor fascia lata?

A

flexes, abducts and medially rotates at the hip

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14
Q

What is the origin of glut max?

A

the gluteal surface of the ileum and the dorsal surface of the sacrum

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15
Q

What is the action of glut max?

A

extension and lateral rotation

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16
Q

What is the insertion of glut max?

A

the iliotibial tract and the gluteal tuberosity of the femur

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17
Q

In what movements is glut max used?

A

standing from sitting, walking up stairs, straightening from bending over

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18
Q

What is the insertion of glut med and glut min?

A

greater trochanter

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19
Q

What is the action of glut med and glut min?

A

abduction at the hip and medial rotation

20
Q

What is the origin of piriformis?

A

sacrum

21
Q

What is the insertion of piriformis?

A

greater trochanter

22
Q

What is the origin of obturator internus?

A

ischiopubic ramus and obturator membrane

23
Q

What is the insertion of obturator internus?

A

greater trochanter

24
Q

What is the origin of quadratus femoris?

A

ischial tuberosity

25
Q

What is the insertion of quadratus femoris?

A

intertrochanteric crest

26
Q

What are the muscles in the anterior compartment of the hip above sartorius?

A

illiopsoas and pectineus

27
Q

What is the action of pectineus?

A

flexes at the hip and adducts at the hip

28
Q

What is the action of sartorius?

A

flexion, abduction and lateral rotation at the hip and flexion at the knee - for sitting cross legged

29
Q

What is the action of the quadriceps?

A

extension at the knee (and rectus femoris also does flexion at the hip)

30
Q

What is the insertion of the quadriceps?

A

tibial tuberosity (via the patellar tendon)

31
Q

What is the origin of rectus femoris?

A

the AIIS and just above the acetabulum

32
Q

What is the origin of vastus lateralis and medialis?

A

the proximal femur

33
Q

What is the origin of vastus intermedius?

A

clothes most of the shaft of the femur

34
Q

What is the origin of sartorius?

A

ASIS

35
Q

What is the insertion of sartorius?

A

pes anserinus

36
Q

What are the muscles of the adductor compartment of the thigh?

A

adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor magnus, gracilis

37
Q

What is the origin of the adductor muscles?

A

inferior pubic ramus and ischial ramus

38
Q

What is the insertion of the adductor muscles?

A

the linea aspira (and the adductor tubercle for adductor magnus)

39
Q

What is the adductor hiatus?

A

the gap between the insertion of adductor magnus that acts as a passageway for vessels of the lower limb

40
Q

What is the origin of the hamstrings?

A

the ischial tuberosity (superficial components) and the posterior shaft of the femur (short head of biceps)

41
Q

What is the action of the hamstrings?

A

hip extensors (except short head of biceps) and knee flexors

42
Q

What is the insertion of biceps femoris?

A

head of the fibula

43
Q

What is the insertion of semimembranosus?

A

posterior surface of the medial condyle of the tibia

44
Q

What is the insertion of semitendinosus?

A

pes anserinus

45
Q

What is the insertion of gracilis?

A

pes anserinus

Lower Limb (9 decks)

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