Hip and Thigh

Question 1

What is angle on inclination? What occurs if you have a large angle vs a small angle?

Answer 1

• Angle of inclination is the (frontal projection) angle formed by the shaft and neck of femur.
• A large angle is known as Coxa Valgu which leads to Genu Varum of the knees (Bow Leg)
• A small angle is known as Coxa Vara which leads to Genu Valgum (knocked knees)

Question 2

What is angle on inclination? What occurs if you have a large angle vs a small angle?

Answer 2

• Angle of inclination is the (frontal projection) angle formed by the shaft and neck of femur.
• A large angle is known as Coxa Valgu which leads to Genu Varum of the knees (Bow Leg)
• A small angle is known as Coxa Vara which leads to Genu Valgum (knocked knees)

Question 3

Describe the Iliofemoral ligament and what motions it prevents

Answer 3

Found anteriorly, it is Y shaped and is the strongest ligament in the body.
-Prevents excessive extension, adduction and rotation

Question 4

Describe the pubofemoral ligament and what motions it prevents

Answer 4

Found inferiorly

-prevents abduction and resists internal rotation

Question 5

Describe the ischiofemoral ligament and what motions it prevents

Answer 5

Found posteriorly

• Prevents internal rotation
• *Stabilizes hip during extension

Question 6

What are the borders of the femoral triangle and name the structures within it from lateral to medial

Answer 6

Superior border: Inguinal ligament
Inferior/Lateral border: Sartorius
Medial Border: Adductor Longus
Structures L to M: NAVEL

Question 7

What is the angle of declination?

Answer 7

Angle formed by the femoral neck and condyles (aka angle of anteversion)
**Note this would be a view from above looking inferiorly

Question 8

What is anteversion and retroversion? How does the angle of declination effect anteversion or retroversion?

Answer 8

Ante/Retro describe the degree to which an anatomical strucutre is rotated forward or backwards.

• If the angle of declination is abnormally small this causes anteversion aka pigeon toes
• If the angle of declination is abnormally large it causes retroversion aka duck feet

Question 9

Subjective patient profile of age dependent conditions of the hip (7)

Answer 9

New Born: Congenital dislocated hip (displasia)
2-8: Avascular necrosis
10-14: Slipped epiphysis
14-25: stress fractures, synovitis
20-40: avascular necrosis, synovitis, RA
45-50: OS, Synovitis
65+: OA, stress fractures

Question 10

Subjective patient profile of age dependent conditions of the hip (7)

Answer 10

New Born: Congenital dislocated hip (displasia)
2-8: Avascular necrosis
10-14: Slipped epiphysis
14-25: stress fractures, synovitis
20-40: avascular necrosis, synovitis, RA
45-50: OS, Synovitis
65+: OA, stress fractures

Question 11

Pain referral for groin/front of thigh, lateral hip, and buttock

Answer 11

Groin/Thigh: Labral tears, impingement
Lateral Hip: Bursitis, glute med
Buttock: L-Spine